臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

紅樹林及草澤植物會吸收大氣中二氧化碳行光合作用，並轉為有機碳儲存在生物量之中，故量化植物生產量及碳輸出量即可建構紅樹林與草澤植物之碳收支。本研究於2011年8月到2012年10月，每兩個月一次，從淡水河上游到下游河口設立五個測站進行研究。本研究藉由量測紅樹林植物水筆仔(Kandelia obovata)樹幹直徑換算生物量以及枯落物量來推算生產力，而草澤植物蘆葦(Phragmites australis)的生產量則以收割法測量地上部及地下部生物量以及枯萎量與分解量來推算，並估計從植被輸出到水中的碳量。挖仔尾、竹圍及關渡3測站的水筆仔淨初級生產量分別為7.09、4.46及6.71 g DW m-2 d-1，每年共可吸收約546噸碳。五股及華江蘆葦淨初級生產量平均分別為20.32及25.73 g DW m-2 d-1，每年共可吸收的約971噸碳，總計淡水河沿岸維管束植物每年共可吸收1,517噸碳。紅樹林及草澤植物碳儲量分別為944及663 Mg C ha-1，約有93-97%的碳儲存在土壤之中。總計紅樹林有機碳輸出至河水的量為3.91 Mg C ha-1 yr-1；草澤植物為3.20 Mg C ha-1 yr-1。紅樹林及草澤植物淨生態系生產量為4.61及27.20 Mg C ha-1 yr-1，代表淡水河植被為一重要的碳匯場所。

Mangrove and marsh plants absorb atmospheric CO2 via photosynthesis, which was then transferred to organic carbon and stored as biomass. Quantifying plant net primary production and carbon export can be used to estimate the carbon budget. This study was conducted from August 2011 to October 2012 every two months. In total, there were 5 study sites ( HJ, WG, GD, ZW and WZ ) along the Danshuei River from upstream to the estuary. The primary production of the mangrove plant Kandelia obovata was calculated using an allometric equation with estimated biomass and collected litter fall. Primary production of the dominant marsh plant Phragmites australis was calculated using the harvest method. The carbon export out of plant was also estimated from river. The net primary production of mangroves was estimated to be 7.09, 4.46 and 6.71 g DW m-2 d-1 at the three sites (WZ, ZW and GD), indicating an uptake of 546 ton C within a year. The net primary production of marshes was 20.32 and 25.73 g DW m-2 d-1 at the two sites (WG and HJ), indicating an uptake of 971 ton C within a year. In total, vascular plants along the Danshuei River uptook 1,517 ton C. The carbon stock of the mangroves and marshes were 944 and 663 Mg C ha-1. There was about 93 to 97 % carbon stored in the soil. These mangroves and marshes export 3.91 or 3.20 ton C to the river water every year. The net ecosystem production of mangroves and marshes were estimated to be 4.61 and 27.20 Mg C ha-1 yr-1, indicating they were important carbon sinks along the Danshui River.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 III
表次 VI
圖次 VII
第一章、前言 1
1. 濕地 1
1-1 濕地的定義與碳匯功能 1
1-2 濕地碳匯的研究內容 2
1-3 沿岸濕地面臨的問題 3
1-4 台灣的碳匯研究 4
2. 紅樹林 4
2-1 紅樹林的種類與功能 4
2-2 紅樹林的生物量 4
2-3 紅樹林的淨初級生產量 5
2-4 紅樹林的枯落物 6
2-5 紅樹林枯落物的分解作用 7
3. 草澤植物 7
3-1 草澤植物的種類 7
3-2 草澤植物的淨初級生產量 7
4. 土壤的碳儲存功能 8
5. 水中的碳輸出 9
6. 淡水河研究現況 9
7. 研究目的與假說 10
第二章、材料與方法 12
1. 測站及漾區 12
2. 環境因子 15
3. 水筆仔異速生長方程式檢驗 15
4. 紅樹林生產量 16
5. 草澤植物生產量 18
6. 分解袋 19
7. 大型碎屑採樣及分析 19
8. POC、DOC、DIC的採樣及分析 21
9. 土壤採樣及分析 22
10. 土壤及植物有機碳含量 23
11. 紅樹林及草澤植被碳匯功能 23
12. 統計分析 24
第三章、結果 26
1. 環境因子 26
1-1水質因子 26
1-1-1 水溫 26
1-1-2 鹽度 26
1-1-3 溶氧濃度 27
1-1-4 酸鹼值 27
1-1-5 硝酸鹽(NO2-+NO3-)濃度 27
1-1-6 銨鹽(NH4+)濃度 28
1-1-7 磷酸鹽(PO43-)濃度 28
1-2 底土因子 34
1-2-1 粉泥黏土含量 34
1-2-2 粒徑大小 34
1-2-3 有機質含量 34
2. 水筆仔異速生長方程式檢驗 38
3. 紅樹林淨初級生產量 39
3-1 水筆仔生物量 39
3-2 水筆仔枯落物量 39
3-3 水筆仔淨初級生產量 41
3-4 水筆仔碳吸存量 41
4. 草澤淨初級生產量 50
4-1 蘆葦生物量 50
4-2 蘆葦淨初級生產量 51
4-3 蘆葦碳吸存量 52
5. 分解作用 57
6. 土壤有機碳含量 60
7. 大型碎屑輸入及輸出 71
8. 水中有機及無機碳輸出 73
9. 紅樹林及草澤植被碳儲存量及碳收支 92
第四章、討論 96
1. 環境因子 96
2. 水筆仔異速生長方程式檢驗 96
3. 紅樹林淨初級生產量 97
3-1 水筆仔生物量 97
3-2 水筆仔枯落物量 98
3-3 水筆仔淨初級生產量 99
3-4 水筆仔碳吸存量 100
4. 草澤生產量 103
4-1 蘆葦生物量 103
4-2 蘆葦淨初級生產量 103
4-3蘆葦碳吸存量 104
5. 分解作用 104
6. 土壤有機碳含量 106
7. 大型碎屑輸入及輸出 106
8. 水中有機及無機碳輸出 107
9. 紅樹林及草澤植物碳儲存量及碳收支 111
10. 淡水河水體碳收支 113
第五章、結論 116
第六章、參考文獻 117
第七章、會議紀錄 130

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