臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究考慮齡期影響及修正立方模式理論公式，提出一個模擬0-3型水泥基壓電複合材料壓電應變常數d33與相對介電常數εr的預測公式，其中水泥基壓電複合材料的鋯鈦酸鉛(PZT)體積含量分別為30%、40%、50%、60% 與70%。試體採用80MPa應力壓製成型，放置在90℃的水槽內以水氣養護，並在150℃油槽以1.5kV/mm電場極化40分鐘，經極化完成的試體在控制溫度23℃±1℃及濕度50%±1%的環境，量測試體的壓電性質。
極化時為避免電流極穿試體造成極化失敗及減少極化的激發時間，首先比較試體在養護1天、3 天、7 天、28 天、56 天和90 天齡期的介電損失、孔隙率和激發時間，結果顯示試體表面孔隙率介於1.31~5%，養護齡期越短的表面孔隙率越大；在表面孔隙率5% 的介電損失較小且極化所需的激發時間越少，因此得到試體極化的最佳養護齡期為1天。0-3型水泥基壓電複合材料的PZT含量越多時，d33與εr的壓電性質越好，但是壓電電壓常數g33並不會因PZT含量的增減而有明顯規律變化；試體極化前若經過140℃溫度處理，d33與εr的壓電性質會更好。立方模式經考慮齡期因素的影響，並與試驗值比較後，本研究提出預測d33與εr壓電性質的模擬公式，在代入複合材料組成材料的電性與壓電性質後，所得到的模擬值非常接近試驗值，顯示所提出的模擬公式可用來預測0-3型水泥基壓電複合材料的壓電性質。

Based on the cubes model modified by curing effect and regression analysis, an empirical formula is proposed to predict piezoelectric strain constant d33 and relative dielectric constant εr of 0-3 type cement-based piezoelectric composites, where piezoelectric inclusions is lead zirconate titanate (PZT) with 30%-70% volume fraction respectively. The composites were dryly mixed by cement and PZT, and then pressed by 80MPa compression to form a disc-like specimen. Specimens were cured at 90℃ with water, after that, were poled at 150℃ with 1.5kV/mm poling field for 40 min. Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the composite were measured at 23℃±1℃ and 50%±1% humidity.
In order to polarize specimens easily and reduce trigger time during the polarization, dielectric loss, porosity and trigger time of the composite with 1-90 curing days were investigated. Surface porosity of specimens lies between 1.31% and 5%, and the specimen with the shorter curing day always has the larger porosity. Results indicated that the optimum curing day for the cement-based piezoelectric composites was cured at 1 day because the composite containing 5% surface porosity has the smallest dielectric loss and trigger time, compared with the others specimens. More PZT contents in the composites show the better d33 and εr, but this is not the case for piezoelectric voltage constant g33. The specimens with 140℃ treatment for 40 min before the polarization have the better d33 and εr values, compared with those without temperature treatment. The simulated values of d33 and εr for cement-based piezoelectric composites, calculated from the proposed empirical formula, show a good agreement with the experimental data.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 X
符號說明 XVI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究方法 2
1.4研究流程 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1水泥 5
2.1.1水泥的水化作用階段 5
2.1.2養護齡期 6
2.2壓電材料 6
2.2.1壓電材料種類 7
2.2.2壓電材料特性 7
2.2.3壓電特性參數 9
2.3水泥基壓電複合材料 9
2.4 0-3型水泥基壓電複合材料 11
2.4.1壓電陶瓷含量的影響 12
2.4.2壓電陶瓷粒徑的影響 14
2.4.3試體製程的影響 16
2.4.4極化條件的影響 17
2.4.5極化後齡期的影響 26
2.5複合材料壓電應變常數和相對介電常理論公式 33
第三章 實驗計畫 35
3.1實驗目的 35
3.2實驗材料 35
3.3實驗變數 38
3.3.1前導試驗-養護天數 38
3.3.2前導試驗-壓電性質量測環境條件 39
3.3.3 PZT含量變化 39
3.4實驗設備 40
3.5試體配比及編號 46
3.6試體製作養護及研磨 47
3.7微觀試體製作 50
3.8極化技術 51
3.9壓電性質量測與計算 52
第四章 結果與討論 55
4.1前導試驗 55
4.1.1養護天數與孔隙率 55
4.1.2養護天數與介電損失及激發時間 64
4.1.3養護天數與壓電性質 65
4.1.4環境溫度與壓電性質 68
4.2 PZT含量與極化後壓電性質 70
4.3模擬壓電性質 75
4.3.1立方模式模擬與試驗值比較 75
4.3.2修正立方模式公式 83
第五章 結論與建議 92
5.1結論 92
5.2建議 94
參考文獻 95
附錄一、口試委員審查意見與說明對照表 100
附錄二、作者簡歷 102

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