臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討金屬Cu對廢手機(塑膠殼和混合塑膠)熱裂解之影響。藉由熱重量分析系統（Thermogravimetric Analyzer, TGA）來探討廢棄手機添加銅粉在氮氣環境下，熱裂解之動力學。研究結果顯示，塑膠殼和混合塑膠添加銅粉熱裂解皆為二階段反應，塑膠殼轉化率0~0.8之平均活化能E1=30.75 kcal/mol，轉化率0.82~1之平均活化能E2=26.86 kcal/mol。混合塑膠添加銅粉轉化率0~0.78之平均活化能E1=26.73 kcal/mol，轉化率0.8~1之平均活化能E2=13.63 kcal/mol。廢手機添加銅粉後，不但能降低廢手機熱裂解之反應活化能也改變塑膠殼之反應行為。
熱裂解產物分析結果顯示，塑膠殼添加銅粉於450 ℃裂解時，固、液、氣產率分別為39.69、41.31、19.00 %，而在800 ℃時為36.25、18.62、45.13 %。混合塑膠添加銅粉於450 ℃裂解時，固、液、氣產率分別為52.08、30.33、17.59 %，而在800 ℃時為49.40、16.95、33.65 %。實驗結果顯示，當溫度升高時可以發現氣體產率明顯增加而液體則隨之下降。固體殘餘物中金屬銅以X光粉末繞射儀鑑定結果，金屬銅沒有顯著被氧化，增加回收價值。液體和氣體產物經由GC-MS成分分析，塑膠殼和混合塑膠主要成分為苯酚、苯酚化合物及苯乙烯。印刷電路板其主要成分為苯酚、苯酚化合物，其中萘為主要共通產物。氣體產物其主要成分為苯和甲苯。

This study investigated the effects of Cu on the pyrolysis of waste mobile phone (plastic shell and mixed plastic). By the thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA), the pyrolysis kinetics of waste mobile phone adding Cu was explored under the nitrogen environment. The results show that the pyrolysis of plastic shell and mixed plastic are all two-stage reaction for adding Cu. The average activation energy (E) of plastic shell pyrolysis is 30.75 kcal/mol at conversion X = 0-0.8, and 26.86 kcal/mol at X = 0.8-1. Pyrolysis of mixed plastic with Cu, the activation energies are 26.73 and 13.63 kcal/mol at X = 0-0.78 and 0.78-1, respectively.
For the product analysis of plastic shell pyrolysis with Cu, it show that the solid, liquid, and gas yields are 39.69, 41.31, and 19 % at 450℃, and 36.25, 18.62, and 45.13 % at 800℃, respectively. For the same experimental conditions, the mixed plastic pyrolysis product yields of solid, liquid, and gas are 52.08, 30.33, and 17.59 % at 450℃, and 49.4, 16.95, and 33.65 % at 800℃, respectively. The experimental results also show that the gas yield increases with T, but decreases significantly for liquid yield. The Cu in solid residues was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction to identify its extent of oxidation. The results indicate that there is no significant oxidation of Cu in residues, which may increase the recycling value. The pyrolysis products were analyzed by GC-MS. The liquid products of the pyrolysis of plastic shell and mixed plastic are phenol, styrene and phenolic compounds. Pyrolysis of PCB gives the same products as those of plastics but styrene. The naphthalene is the main common species for pyrolysis of plastics and PCB. The main gaseous species of plastic pyrolysis are benzene and toluene.

封面內頁 頁次
簽名頁
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
誌謝 vi
目錄 vii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xii
符號說明 xiii

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究內容與流程 2
第二章 文獻回顧與基本理論 6
2.1 廢手機回收相關資訊 6
2.2 廢手機基本性質及定義 7
2.2.1熱裂解 7
2.2.2廢手機基本組成構造 9
2.2.3塑膠熱裂解相關文獻 10
2.2.4印刷電路板熱裂解相關文獻 15
2.2.5混合塑膠熱裂解相關文獻 19
2.3 動力學基本理論 22
第三章 實驗設備與分析方法 28
3.1 樣品成分分析 28
3.1.1 三成分分析 28
3.1.2 固定碳分析 30
3.1.3 元素分析 32
3.1.4 熱值分析 32
3.1.5熱重量分析 35
3.1.6金屬銅之純度分析 40
3.2 熱裂解實驗 41
3.3 產物分析 46
3.3.1 固體產物 46
3.3.1.1採樣方法 46
3.3.1.2 元素分析 47
3.3.1.3 金屬分析 47
3.3.1.4 熱值分析 49
3.3.2 液體產物 49
3.3.2.1 採樣方法 50
3.3.2.2熱值分析 50
3.3.2.3液體成分分析 50
3.3.3 氣體產物 52
第四章 結果與討論 55
4.1 銅粉對廢手機之影響 55
4.1.1 廢手機三成分分析 55
4.1.2 廢手機添加銅粉固定碳分析 56
4.1.3 廢手機添加銅粉熱裂解之影響 56
4.1.4 塑膠殼添加銅粉反應動力模式建立 58
4.1.5 混合塑膠添加銅粉反應動力模式建立 63
4.1.6 固、液、氣百分比組成分析 68
4.2 固體殘餘物分析 68
4.2.1 固體殘餘物元素分析 68
4.2.2 固體殘餘物熱值分析 70
4.2.3 固體殘餘物金屬銅純度分析 71
4.2.4 固體殘餘物金屬分析 73
4.3 液體產物分析 75
4.3.1 液體產物熱值分析 75
4.3.2 液體產物成分分析 76
4.4 氣體產物成分分析 79
第五章 結論與建議 82
5.1 結論 82
5.2 建議 83
參考文獻 84

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