臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，利用車載隨意行動網路作為車間通訊的方式受到人們的注意。大多數在這類網路上的應用以及地理繞徑協定都需要知道想要傳輸的車輛的位置，所以，要如何去設計有效的車載網路的位置資訊服務協定是很重要的
位置資訊服務協定的設計包括了三個主要的部份：位置資訊伺服器的配置、位置資訊的更新以及位置資訊的查詢，現存的車載網路位置資訊服務協定會花比較大的代價，因為設計過多的位置資訊伺服器(Location Server)，雖然可以就近詢問到位置資訊，卻要傳送更多的更新封包，導致成本上升，若設計較少的位置資訊伺服器(Location Server)，雖然傳送較少的更新封包，卻讓詢問時間拉長，要怎麼同時降低更新花費與位置查詢的代價是一個兩難的問題。
為了改善這個問題，所以，我們提出車載隨意網路中有效率的成本考量之定位服務協定，主要設計一套公式取得更新花費以及詢問花費之間的最佳平衡點，利用這套公式調整最適當的行動位置資訊伺服器的數量以及配置其位置來降低總花費。根據模擬結果，我們的方法確實能夠減少更新成本和總成本的情況下也可以找到車子的位置資訊。

Routing protocols in VANETs have attracted a lot of attentions recently. Most of these routing protocols are based on the location information of the destination vehicle and many of the applications in VANETs need to acquire location information of other vehicles. Hence, how to acquire the location information of the intended vehicle has become an important issue in VANETs.
Three mechanisms must be considered when designing a location service protocol: namely the delegation of location servers, the location update and query mechanisms. Existing location service protocols for VANETs are costly, if the Location Service (LS) distribution too much, the distance between source vehicle and LS could be shorter, but the cost of update will be increase, if the LS distribution too less, the distance between source vehicle and LS could be longer, the cost of query will be increase, how to reduce both the cost of update and the cost of query is a problem.
In this paper, we propose An Efficient Cost-based Location Service for VANETs (ECB), we present a set of formulas for balance the cost of update and the cost of query, according to these formulas, the number of LS can be dynamically adjust and deployed. Different scenarios are simulated to compare the performance of the Cache-Based Routing, VLS and ECB. The experiment results show that ECB can reduce the total cost and still can obtain the position of the destination vehicle.

致謝 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 3
1.3研究目的 5
1.4文章架構 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
2.1 GLS：Scalable location service for routing 7
2.2 XYLS：Salable quorum-based location service 8
2.3 GHLS：Scalable Location Service for Geographic Routing 9
2.4 HLLS：History Information Based Light Location Service 10
2.5 SLURP：Scalable routing protocol 11
2.6 HLS：Hierarchical Location Service 11
2.7 Cache-Based Routing in City Environments 13
2.8 VLS: Map-Based Vehicle Location Service 14
2.7 RLSMP：Region-Based Location-Service-Management 15
第三章 傳輸技術與系統模型架構 17
3.1 車載網路傳輸機制 17
3.2 系統模型架構 18
3.2.1 系統環境說明 18
3.2.2 系統成員說明 19
3.2.3 系統流程 20
3.2.4 系統假設 20
第四章An Efficient Cost-based Location Service for VANETs(ECB) 21
4.1位置資訊伺服器的配置 21
4.2衡量位置資訊服務協定的公式 30
4.3位置資訊的更新策略 31
4.4位置資訊的查詢方法 34
第五章 模擬結果與分析 37
5.1 實驗環境設定 37
5.2 成功率 39
5.3 平均詢問到位置資訊的hop數 40
5.4 更新花費 40
5.5 詢問花費 41
5.5 總花費 42
5.6 移動速度 43
第六章 結論與未來研究 44
6.1 結論 44
6.2 未來研究 44
參考文獻 45

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