臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

刺翼菱蝗亞科(Scelimeninae)為世界廣泛分布的亞科，共27屬246種，台灣已知紀錄4屬5種。本研究野外採集自2008年8月起至2010年5月止，共計311個採集點，共採得標本938件，同好贈與130件，中興大學昆蟲分類研究室標本檢查434件，總計1502件。使用特徵包括複眼與前胸背板相對位置、頭頂寬與複眼寬比、前胸背板PL2/PL1 及前胸背板側葉刺狀突起、雌蟲產卵瓣長寬比等特徵，經修訂後共計5屬5種- Eucriotettix oculatus transpinosus Zheng, 1993、Platygavialidium formosanum (Tinkham, 1936)、Criotettix bispinosus (Dalman, 1818)、Thoradonta nodulosa (St&;aring;l, 1861)、Loxilobus formosanus G&;uuml;nther, 1941，其中Thoradonta nodulosa (St&;aring;l, 1861)為新紀錄種，Eucriotettix magnus (Hancock, 1907)則未在本研究中採集到。採集紀錄並包括棲所特徵描述，一併紀錄棲所內之苔蘚、地衣種類。另以採集紀錄之海拔資訊探討19種菱蝗之海拔分布，其中菱蝗亞科(Tetriginae)的 Formosatettix arisanensis與F. karenkoensis可分布至中、高海拔，而刺翼菱蝗亞科與其他亞科之成員，主要為低海拔分布，Eucriotettix oculatus transpinosus與Platygavialidium formosanum有少數個體可分布至中海拔。另在台8線中橫沿線與台中大雪山林道之菱蝗海拔分布採集，前者共21個採集點，採得標本64件，共5屬5種；後者共19個採集點，採得標本122件，共6屬6種。在此兩個菱蝗海拔分布採集，證實Formosatettix arisanensis與F. karenkoensis僅分布於中、高海拔，且其後翅退化現象可能為高海拔物種之適應特徵，然而另一同屬物種F. formosanus則主要以低海拔分布為主，此屬之特徵適應值得深入探討。同時，在台8線中橫沿線紀錄到之另一僅分布於2000m以上物種-Tetrix sp.可能為高海拔分布之菱蝗新紀錄。

Scelimeninae is a worldwide-distributed subfamily, comprise of 27 genera and 246 species. It was recorded 4 genera and 5 species from Taiwan before. This study started from August, 2008 to May, 2010. There were totally 311 collecting sites and 938 specimens recorded, and 130 specimens from colleagues. There were 434 specimens examined from Lab. Of Insect of Taxonomy, Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University. There are totally 1502 specimens could used for this study. The characters revised in this study including the relative position of eyes and pronotum, ratio of vertex and eye in width, producing spines of pronotum, ratio of PL2 and PL1, ratio of valvas of female ovipositor etc. According to these characters, we record 5 species- Eucriotettix oculatus transpinosus Zheng, 1993、Platygavialidium formosanum (Tinkham, 1936)、Criotettix bispinosus (Dalman, 1818)、Thoradonta nodulosa (Stål, 1861)、Loxilobus formosanus Günther, 1941. Thoradonta nodulosa (Stål, 1861) is a new record species in Taiwan and the genus Thoradonta Hancock, 1909 is also newly record . Eucriotettix magnus (Hancock, 1907) is not recorded in this study. The habitat characters were also discussed in this study; we also recorded mosses and lichens in the habitat. We also use 19 Tetrigidae species to discuss the altitudinal distribution. The two species of Tetriginae- Formosatettix arisanensis and F. karenkoensis could distributed at middle and high altitude. Scelimeninae and other Tetrigidae species are mainly distributed at low altitude (< 1000m). There were a little specimens of Eucriotettix oculatus transpinosus and Platygavialidium formosanum collected from middle altitude. The other two altitudinal distribution collection of Tetrigidae were at Provincial Highway No. 8 and Dasyueshan forest road. The former had 21 collecting sites and 64 specimens, which belonged to 5 species, 5 genera. The latter one had 19 collecting sites and 122 specimens, which belonged to 6 species, 6 genera. It was proved that F. arisanensis and F. karenkoensis only distributed at middle and high altitude. Hind wing reduced of these two species could be the adaptive characters of high altitudinal species. However, the other species in the same genus- F. formosanus mainly distributed at low altitude.The adaptive characters of this genus deserved to further study. The other species, Tetrix sp., which collected from Provincial Highway No. 8, only distributed over 2000m, maybe one new record of high altitudinal distributed species.

目次
誌謝
中文摘要.........................................................i
英文摘要........................................................ii
前言.......................................................1
前人研究.........................................................3
一、系統分類...............................................3
二、分類特徵...............................................5
三、生物學特性.............................................5
材料與方法.................................................7
一、分類資訊蒐集...........................................7
二、材料來源.........................................................7
三、分類特徵...............................................8
四、海拔分布分析..........................................11
結果與討論................................................12
一、台灣之刺翼菱蝗亞科(Scelimeninae)修訂................12
Key to genera of Scelimeninae from Taiwan...............14
Genus Eucriotettix Hebard, 1929........................15
Eucriotettix oculatus transpinosus Zheng, 1993........16
Eucriotettix magnus (Hancock, 1907)...................36
Genus Platygavialidium Günther, 1938...................37
Platygavialidium formosanum(Tinkham,1936).............38
Genus Criotettix Bolivar, 1887.........................44
Criotettix bispinosus (Dalman, 1818)..................45
Genus Thoradonta Hancock, 1909.........................49
Thoradonta nodusola (Stål, 1861) (New Record).........50
Genus Loxilobus Hancock, 1904..........................54
Loxilobus formosanus Günther, 1941....................55
二、飼養紀錄..............................................61
三、嘉義地區入侵紅火蟻地棲昆蟲相調查之菱蝗季節性分布......61
四、菱蝗海拔分布..........................................61
參考文獻..................................................63

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