臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了維持良好的室內空氣品質，需引入適當的新鮮外氣，但是引入新鮮外氣會造成空調負荷的增加，導致能源費用增加。而在一般換氣的同時又需要排除室內等量的廢氣，此排氣相較於外氣則有更低的溫溼度，如果能將乾冷廢氣之冷能回收來作為引入外氣之預冷、除濕用，則可在耗費少量額外能源下達到將外氣溫、溼度降低之目的，如此可減少冷卻盤管之負荷，也就是可降低空調換氣所需之能量需求。因此在引入外氣時若能做全熱換氣回收處理將是一個很值得採行的方案。
本文針對一創新型自然空調機進行一連串的性能測試，此研究中所提出之創新型自然空調機，主要是由水噴霧器、熱管熱交換器與鰭管式水盤管熱交換器所組成。利用水噴霧器與熱管熱交換器可以將室內的冷能做有效的回收，再搭配鰭管式水盤管熱交換器，可以使用自來水或空調之回水，可進一步使送風溫度降低。本研究之主要目的為建立創新型自然空調機之雛形，並利用實驗及理論分析模擬等方式，來求得其運轉狀態、可靠性及效率，以提供未來作進一步改良設計時之參考。由實驗結果可知：原本要直接送入室內之外氣，經過此創新型空調機後，可降低20.56 kJ/kg of air的熱焓值，亦即創新型自然空調機此時可發揮6.86 kW之冷凍能力。本研究已建立出創新型自然空調機之原型機，並且藉由實驗結果與模擬方式結果比較可發現，已可利用此理論分析模式來預測本研究之創新型空調機在各種不同運轉條件下，實際運轉之狀態。因此本研究已成功發展出此創新型空調機之理論分析模式。

Indoor comfort requirements often involve strong ventilation in buildings, but they conflict with the necessity to limit energy and economic costs connected with supply air handing. From the energy point of view, these must be improved to prevent unnecessary wasted electricity. Heat exchangers are being widely used for energy recovery in buildings. In addition to recovering heat from the return air in winter for preheating the fresh air, the return air can be evaporatively cooled and utilized for precooling the fresh air in summer. Heat exchanger made of two-phase closed thermosyphons are one of the most effective pieces of equipment for waste heat recovery.
This research is to investigate the thermal performance of an innovative equipment called “nature air conditioner”. This nature air conditioner constitutes of water sprayer, heat pipe heat exchanger and fin-tube heat exchanger. In order to reduce the outdoor air cooling load to the minimal extend., experiments and computer simulations were performed with changing various parameters such as outdoor air dry bulb temperature, outdoor air relative humidity, room air dry bulb temperature, room air relative humidity, and supply water temperature. The experimental results show that outdoor air cooling load decrease 20.56 kJ/kg of air, and the results of numerical model agree well with the experimental data. The detailed design and performance of this nature air conditioner as well as its thermal recovery system are described and discussed.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　前言 1
1.2　研究背景 1
第二章　研究動機與目的 9
2.1　研究動機 9
2.2　研究目的 9
2.3　文獻探討 10
2.4　美國國家標準對提昇室內空氣品質之對策 11
第三章　研究內容與方法 17
3.1　研究內容 17
3.2　創新型自然空調機之組成元件與特性 19
3.2.1　水噴霧器（Air washer） 熱質傳現象與分析 19
3.2.2　熱管之熱性能分析 21
3.2.3　水盤管熱質傳現象與分析 25
3.3　實驗方法 30
3.4　理論分析模式 31
第四章　實驗設計與進行步驟 32
4.1　實驗設計 32
4.1.1　單獨水噴霧器實驗 32
4.1.2　完整之創新型自然空調機運轉性能測試 33
4.1.3　標準環控室之創新型自然空調機運轉性能測試 33
4.2　實驗設備與儀器 34
4.2.1　創新型自然空調機 34
4.2.2　溫度與溼度量測儀器 34
4.2.3　變功率馬達控制器 37
4.3　實驗數據分析方法 38
4.3.1　濕度比之計算 38
4.3.2　風量之計算 39
4.3.3　熱焓值之計算 39
4.4　實驗結果與討論 39
4.4.1　單獨水噴霧器實驗 39
4.4.2　完整之創新型自然空調機運轉性能測試 40
4.4.3　標準環控室之創新型自然空調機運轉性能測試 43
第五章　創新型空調機之性能分析 44
5.1　理論分析模式 44
5.1.1　系統規劃階段 44
5.1.2　系統分析階段 45
5.2　理論模式數據分析方法 49
5.2.1　由乾球溫度與相對溼度推算出其他各種空氣狀態 49
5.2.2　由乾球溫度與溼度比推算出其他各種空氣狀態 51
5.3　空調機內各點之溫度、溼度分布情形 56
5.4　理論分析模式結果與實驗結果比較 57
5.5　理論性能分析之結果與討論 60
5.5.1　室內回風溫度、溼度變化對系統性能之影響 60
5.5.2　外氣溫度、溼度變化對系統性能之影響 60
5.5.3　風扇轉速（亦即送風量）變化對系統性能之影響 67
5.5.4　送水溫度變化對系統性能之影響 67
第六章　結論與未來展望 71
6.1　研究結論 71
6.2　研究展望 72
參考文獻 73

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