臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

於廣大且複雜之電力供電網路中，相關電業人員常藉由調控相關補償設備及裝設斷路器與相關保護設備，以確保電力系統之安全運轉。惟各電力設備恐因結構差異或運轉特性不同，將產生足以危害系統運轉風險，例如比壓器運轉時，易與系統裝設之電容元件或斷路器極間電容產生鐵磁共振，致使系統產生過電壓與過電流，導致變壓器高壓側線圈過熱、比壓器鐵心飽和及相關設備絕緣破壞，實際匯流排比壓器鐵共振並曾發生於氣體絕緣變電所，故如何有效抑制鐵磁共振及縝密評估引發鐵磁共振發生之原因，確已成為重要電力運轉問題之一。
此外，相關電力工程人員為抑制鐵磁共振所產生之過電壓，常於系統中加裝氧化鋅避雷器，用以抑制電壓突波，然由於避雷器劣化，致使避雷器元件產生洩漏電流，卻易造成避雷器運轉過熱，進而縮短避雷器使用壽命。又因氧化鋅避雷器常將多節氧化鋅予以串聯組合，而每節氧化鋅之老化程度並不相同，若僅偵測避雷器之總洩漏電流量，仍難準確判斷避雷器元件異常位置，故如何於現有量測環境中，正確有效判斷避雷器故障位置，亦已躍為重要電力工程研究問題。
有鑑於此，本論文整體研究目標，不僅在於評估系統運轉引發鐵磁共振原因，同時致力研創偵測鐵磁共振及其抑制方法，此外並輔以電阻性洩漏電流量測技術及溫度量測技術精進，進而加入新穎數學演算技術之開發，俾有助於提升氧化鋅避雷器之預測保養能力。本論文將所提之各項方法，均經由軟體模擬及實際系統加以驗證，同時與其他診斷方法相互比較，而由測試結果可知，本論文所提之診斷技術已可有效偵測與抑制鐵磁共振，並可協助避雷器之預測保養，確有助於降低輸電風險及提升電網運轉安全。

To ensure a safe operation in a complex power network, utility engineers often regulate certain compensation equipment and install protection devices to increase the power system security. However, because of distinctive features of each power equipments, there exists a possibility of risk, hence damaging the power grid. For example, the operation of potential transformer is easy to generate a ferroresonance with capacitive elements or circuit breaker grading capacitance so as to result in overvoltage and overcurrent, bringing in the overheat of transformer coils, the saturation of iron cores, and the insulation breakdown of equipment. A real case of bus PT ferroresonance was observed in a gas-insulated substation. Therefore, the study on the generation of ferroresonce as well as a systematic way of suppressing such nuisances has become one of important topics in power system operations.
Next, in order for restricting the overvoltage caused by the ferroresonance, the ZnO arresters are often used against surge overvoltages. Yet, the increased leakage current due to the degradation of a metal oxide arrester would result in overheating, largely shortening the operation life of arresters. Moreover, since the arresters are often formed by several sections of zinc oxides where the level of degradation at each section is different, the detection of overall leakage current would be insufficient to identify the location of faulted section. A method of justifying the faulted location of an arrester is being deemed as one of important topic in power engineering studies.
In view of aforementioned problems, this dissertation is devoted to developing a method of ferroresonance detection and suppression, by which the reason of ferrresonance occurrence can be evaluated and the suppression of this event is investigated as well. In addition, the leakage current and temperature measurement techniques are integrated with a new mathematical algorithm to increase the predictive maintenance capability of ZnO arresters. These proposed methods are evaluated through software simulations and field validations. The test results confirm the feasibility of the proposed methods for the detection and mitigation of ferroresonance as well as for the maintenance improvement of arresters, benefitting the reduction of transmission risks and the increment of grid operation safety.

摘要 II
Abstract IV
誌 謝 VI
Contents VII
List of Tables X
List of Figures XI
Symbols and Abbreviations XII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background and Motivation 1
1.2 Literature Survey 2
1.3 Contribution of This Dissertation 4
1.4 Organization of This Dissertation 4
Chapter 2 Problem Description 7
2.1 Introduction 7
2.2 Ferroresonance Problems 7
2.3 Discrimination Problems of Zinc Oxide Arresters 8
Chapter 3 Development of Ferroresonance Suppression for Potential Transformer with Circuit Breaker Grading Capacitance 10
3.1 Introduction 10
3.2 Overview of Ferroresonance 11
3.3 Investigation of Ferroresonance in 161kV Substation 12
3.3.1 Expressions of Ferroresonance 13
3.3.2 Analytical Approach with EMTP/ATP Simulation 14
3.3.2.1 Bus PT with CB Grading Capacitor Ferroresonance Analysis 17
3.3.2.2 Ferroresonance Suppression Performance Analysis 19
3.3.2.3 Relation of Driving Force Factor Analysis 21
3.4 Ferroresonance Suppression 22
3.4.1 Proposed Method 23
3.4.2 Suppression Device 24
3.4.3 Application of Suppression Device 26
3.5 Summary 28
Chapter 4 Application of Regression Method to Enhance ZnO Arrester Predictive Maintenance 29
4.1 Introduction 29
4.2 Overview of ZnO Arrester Diagnosis 29
4.2.1 Resistive Leakage Current Monitoring System 30
4.2.2 Infrared Imaging Diagnosis 31
4.3 Regression Method Algorithm 32
4.3.1 Regression Model Development 33
4.3.2 Computation of Regression Model 35
4.4 Application of the Proposed Method 36
4.4.1 Regression Method Testing 38
4.4.2 Comparisons with Others Methods 39
4.5 Summary 42
Chapter 5 Conclusions 43
5.1 Conclusions 43
5.2 Future Study 44
References 46
Biography 55
List of Publications 56

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