臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

蘇格蘭作家羅伯特･路易斯･史蒂文森，在他文學創作生涯中，困惑於人類的雙重性格。於是在《化身博士》這部作品中，他以主人翁亨利･傑奇博士的個案為例，向讀者提出：究竟人類要如何面對人性中的善惡雙重性? 多數心理學家認為善惡雙重性在人類心理健康中扮演不可或缺的一角，但是善惡間的衝突感卻造成作者與主角傑奇心理上的困擾。大多數的研究，多以解離心理學或佛洛伊德本能與壓抑來探討這篇故事中的雙重性，而本篇論文採用卡爾榮格原型概念中的面具與陰影作為閱讀的方法，試圖解決以下傑奇內心雙重的矛盾。首先，為了在他人眼中看起來得體並且符合社會期待，傑奇戴上了不屬於他的人格面具並且抑制了自己的個體特徵。再者，他無法承認並且接受自身的黑暗面或是陰影。終究，他無法承受自己內心善惡雙重性的共存並且尋求心靈中的平衡。

本篇論文涵蓋兩個章節。第一章首先探究故事中再三出現的衣裝與庇護所兩種象徵，並且發現其相當於榮格理論中的面具原型。筆者進一步地認為這些象徵的功用呈現了傑奇的偽裝與逃避，並闡明作者對於維多利亞時期中產階級偽善形象的批判。接著，筆者以榮格的面具概念分析阿徒申先生與傑奇兩人外表上缺乏可塑性的面具。第二章探討角色們的陰影面。筆者運用榮格陰影的概念檢視英費爾先生、萊昂醫生、阿徒申先生與傑奇博士四人的陰影面。本篇論文研究結果認為史蒂文森透過其文學寓言向讀者傳達自我覺察的重要性。

Throughout his writing career, Scottish writer Robert Louis Stevenson has long been intrigued by the dual nature of human beings. Therefore, in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, he exemplifies Dr. Henry Jekyll’s case to ask his readers: how should mankind face the duality of human nature, the so-called good and evil together in everyman? Psychologists consider the human duality essential to mental health, whereas the conflict between good and evil bothers Stevenson himself and Jekyll psychologically. Most critics approach human duality in the novella via psychology of dissociation or Freudian instincts and repression. I read the novella applying Car Jung’s two archetypal concepts, the persona and the shadow. The thesis aims to resolve the following issues causing Jekyll’s conflict of dual nature. First, to appear respectable to meet social expectation, Jekyll puts on the persona he is not and suppresses his individuality. Second, he fails to acknowledge and accept his dark side, the shadow. At last, he cannot withstand his dual nature, good and evil together, and find the psychic balance.

The thesis includes two chapters. Chapter one first delves into clothing and sanctuary symbols recurring in the novella and finds them similar to Jungian persona. I further regard the functions of these symbols as Jekyll’s disguise and evasion and unravel Stevenson’s criticism of hypocrisy of Victorian bourgeois such as Jekyll. Next, I analyze Mr. Utterson’s and Jekyll’s rigid persona in Jungian notion of the persona. Chapter two studies characters’ shadow in the novella. I employ Jung’s concept of the shadow to examine Mr. Enfield, Dr. Lanyon, Mr. Utterson, and Dr. Jekyll. The thesis finally indicates that via his literary allegory Stevenson informs readers the importance of self-awareness.

Table of Contents
Acknowledgement
Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract ii
List of Figures iv
List of Abbreviations v
Introduction 1
Chapter One: The Persona in Jekyll and Hyde 15
I. The Persona: Symbols and Functions in Jekyll and Hyde 17
II. Jungian Analysis of the Persona: Mr. Utterson and Dr. Jekyll 30
A. Mr. Utterson: A Blameless Gentleman? 30
B. Dr. Jekyll or Dr. Fell?: The Importance of Sustaining the Sound Persona 36
Chapter Two: The Shadow in Jekyll and Hyde 47
I. The Encounter with the Shadow: The Dark Side of the Victorian Respectability 49
A. Mr. Enfield 50
B. Dr. Lanyon 53
C. Mr. Utterson 57
D. Dr. Jekyll/Mr. Hyde 61
II. The Resolution of the Shadow and the Duality of Human Nature 71
Conclusion 79
Works Cited 83

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