臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著網際網路的蓬勃發展，物聯網一詞已經普遍的被大眾所認知。藉由專家學者的研究成果與公司企業的成熟技術，物聯網裝置可以部屬在許多不同的場景，諸如智慧城市、智慧家庭、智慧農業等。物聯網的組成通常是具有連網功能的裝置，藉由多個感測器，如溫溼度感測器、光敏感測器等，去收集一連串的感測資料。感測資料透過網際網路，傳送至雲端進行大數據的分析，並把結果回傳至相關場景，做出適當的處理動作。
物聯網裝置的數量逐年成長，大量的感測資料將佔據網路頻寬，並且湧入雲端上的資料中心，集中式的資料中心未來將會不堪負荷，必須要有方法解決。霧運算或許是解決此問題的一個方法。霧運算並不是一個為了取代雲端運算而出現的概念，它的目的是為了擴展雲的範疇，是具有前瞻性的技術之一。將原先巨量的資料分配給接近網路邊緣的伺服器進行處理，進一步的增進網路頻寬使用與卸載資料中心的負擔。達到在雲端集中管理且在霧端分布運行的目的。但諸多異質性裝置造成的環境問題則會造成架構無法全盤的考量。
在本論文中，我們提出一個適用在智慧家庭環境中的物聯網架構稱為SFC-IoT，能夠適應不同的場景。此一架構提供一個可行的方案卸載雲端的負載。我們使用分層的方法定義我們的架構並考量到霧運算的概念。在我們的架構中可被分成五個部分，包含邊緣裝置層、霧運算層、核心網路層、服務層與管理者。SFC-IoT經由霧運算的幫助卸載了雲端伺服器的負擔並因此提升了物聯網系統的可擴展性。
為了驗證我們架構的可行性，我們實現了一基於SFC-IoT的智慧家庭燈具系統雛形。此系統由四個部分所組成，包含燈具控制板、藍芽遙控器、服務伺服器與行動裝置上的APP。藉由HTTP的幫助，我們解決了裝置異質性的問題。換句話說，只要是一部署HTTP協定的物聯網的裝置，即可輕鬆增加裝置至我們的系統。此外，為了克服家庭環境中的私有IP問題，我們實現了NAT穿透，使能從外部網路中控制此系統。最後，實驗結果驗證出我們提出的架構是具可行性的。

With the rapid development of the Internet, the Internet of Things has been generally accepted by humans. Through the research results of experts and scholars and the mature technologies of companies, IoT devices can be subordinated in many scenarios, such as smart city, smart home, smart agriculture, etc. The composition of an Internet of Things system is usually a networked device that collects a series of sensing data by means of multiple sensors, such as temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors and so on. Through the Internet, the sensory data is transmitted to the cloud for analysis of big data and pass the results back to the relevant scene to make an appropriate response.
The number of IoT devices is growing year by year. A large amount of sensing data will occupy the network bandwidth and flood into the data center on the cloud. A centralized data center will be unbearable in the future, and there must be a solution. The fog computing may be a way to solve this problem. The purpose of fog computing is to extend the scope of the cloud and is one of the forward-looking technologies. The fog computing distributes the original huge amount of data to the server near the edge of the network, further enhancing the network bandwidth usage and offloading the burden of data center. To achieve the purpose of centralized management in the cloud and distributed operation at the fog. However, the environmental problems caused by heterogeneous devices will make the architecture hard to design.
In this thesis we propose an IoT architecture named SFC-IoT for smart home environments that can adapt to different scenarios. This architecture provides a viable solution for offloading cloud load. We use a layered approach to define our architecture and take into account the concept of fog computing. There are five parts in our architecture, including edge device layer, fog layer, core network layer, service layer and manager. SFC-IoT offloads the burden of the cloud server through fog computing and thus enhances the scalability of IoT systems.
To verify the feasibility of our architecture, we implement a prototype of a smart home luminaire system based on SFC-IoT. There are four components in the system including luminaire control board, Bluetooth remote controller, service server, and APP on mobile device. With the help of HTTP, we solve the heterogeneous devices problem. In other words, as long as an IoT device employs the HTTP protocol, the device can be easily added in our system. In addition, in order to overcome the private IP problems in the home environment. We also implement NAT traversal for controlling the system from the public network. Finally, the experimental results confirm that the proposed architecture is feasible.

摘要....................................................i
Abstract.................................. ............ii
致謝..................................................iii
Contents...............................................iv
List of Figures......... ...............................v
List of Tables.........................................vi
Chapter 1 Introduction..................................1
Chapter 2 Related work..................................3
2.1 Internet of Things and related technologies........3
2.1.1 Internet of Things definition....................3
2.1.2 Cloud computing..................................4
2.1.3 Fog computing....................................4
2.2 Related Architecture of the Internet of Things.....5
2.3 Challenges in a smart home environment.............8
Chapter 3 Propose architecture.........................16
3.1 SFC-IoT...........................................16
3.2 Architecture comparison...........................19
Chapter 4 Propose luminaire system prototype...........21
4.1 System configuration..............................21
4.2 System architecture...............................23
Chapter 5 Experimental results and discussions.........36
Chapter 6 Conclusions and future works.................38
Bibliography...........................................40

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