跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(216.73.216.48) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/11/30 20:16
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

: 
twitterline
研究生:王鼎和
研究生(外文):Ting Ho Wang
論文名稱:集團企業員工組織承諾、品牌忠誠與購買意願關係之研究-以台塑生醫及長庚生技產品為例
論文名稱(外文):A Study on the Relationship among Organizational Commitment, Brand Loyalty, and Purchase Intentions of Employees within Business Groups
指導教授:李怡禛李怡禛引用關係
指導教授(外文):I. C. Lee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:長庚大學
系所名稱:企業管理研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:其他商業及管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2009
畢業學年度:97
論文頁數:83
中文關鍵詞:組織承諾品牌忠誠購買意願
外文關鍵詞:organizational commitmentbrand loyaltypurchase intentions
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:6
  • 點閱點閱:1069
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:333
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
過去行銷領域的研究對於品牌忠誠和購買意願之影響因素長期以來均將焦點置於滿足或提升外部顧客之需求,同樣的概念延伸到被視為內部顧客的組織員工上是否亦能得到相同驗證,亦即當集團企業員工對任職組織有正面態度時,對企業所提供之產品或服務是否同樣能產生高度品牌忠誠與購買意願,為本研究主要動機。
本研究旨在探討集團企業員工組織承諾、品牌忠誠與購買意願間之關係。以長庚大學與技術學院教職員工為研究對象,探討員工組織承諾對台塑生醫及長庚生技產品之品牌忠誠和購買意願之影響。研究方法採問卷調查,並以線性結構方程模式(SEM)進行資料分析,得出結果如下:
1)長庚教職員工組織承諾愈高,對台塑生醫及長庚生技產品購買意願愈高。意即集團企業員工組織承諾愈高,對企業所生產之產品購買意願愈高,故組織承諾與購買意願有正向關係。
2)長庚教職員工組織承諾愈高,對台塑生醫及長庚生技之品牌忠誠度愈高。意即集團企業員工組織承諾愈高,對企業之品牌忠誠度愈高,故組織承諾與品牌忠誠具有正向關係。
3)長庚教職員工對台塑生醫及長庚生技之品牌忠誠度愈高,對其產品購買意願也愈高。意即集團企業員工對企業之品牌忠誠愈高,對其生產之產品購買意願愈高,故品牌忠誠與購買意願具有正向關係。
由研究結果可知組織承諾對於企業品牌忠誠與產品購買意願亦有正向幫助。集團企業除致力於提高員工組織承諾外,行銷部門亦可將公司員工視為內部顧客用心經營,使員工成為公司產品最好的行銷者,達成員工與組織雙贏之局。
Past research in the field of marketing for the brand loyalty and purchase intention of influencing factors will be the focus of a long period of time at or upgrading to meet the needs of external customers, the same concept has been extended to internal customers as employees of the organization whether the same relationship can be verified: within a business groups, employees have a positive attitude provided the enterprises products or services weather produce the high tendency of brand loyalty and purchase intention to be the main motive for this study.
The purpose of this study is to work on the relationship among business groups employees’ organizational commitment, brand loyalty and purchase intentions. To Chang Gung University and Technical College faculty for the study subjects then explore the commitment of faculty and the impact of brand loyalty and purchase intention with FORMOSA biomedical and Chang Gung biotechnological products. Mining survey on-line research methods, and linear structural equation modeling (SEM) for data analysis, the results are as follows:
1) Chang Gung Faculty have the higher organizational commitment, the higher purchase intention with FORMOSA biomedical and Chang Gung biotechnological products. Implied that the higher organizational commitment of employees within business groups, the higher purchase intentions to buy products produced by business groups, it’s the positive relationship between the organizational commitment and purchase intentions.
2) Chang Gung Faculty have the higher organizational commitment, the higher brand loyalty with FORMOSA biomedical and Chang Gung biotechnological. Implied that the higher organizational commitment of employees within business groups, the higher brand loyalty for the business groups, it’s the positive relationship between the organizational commitment and brand loyalty.
3) Chang Gung Faculty have the higher brand loyalty with FORMOSA biomedical and Chang Gung biotechnological, the higher purchase intention with FORMOSA biomedical and Chang Gung biotechnological products. Implied that the higher organizational commitment of employees within business groups, the higher purchase intentions to buy products produced by business groups, it’s the positive relationship between the brand loyalty and purchase intentions.
Research results indicate that organizational commitment positive toward the brand loyalty and purchase intentions. In addition to the business groups committed to improving organizational commitment of staff, the marketer can consider employees as internal customers to maintain a good relationship which enables employees to be the best marketers and reach a win-win situation for both the employees and the organization
目 錄
誌謝…………………………….………………………………..…………….…… iv
中文摘要………………………..…………..………..…………...…........v
ABSTRACT……………………………...……………………..………..……….vi
目錄………………………………………………………………………..……….viii
圖目錄…………………………..……………………………………..…………….xi
表目錄………………………………………………………………….……...…….xii
第一章 緒論……………………………….…………………………………......1
第一節 研究背景及動機……………….………………..…...…………………..1
第二節 研究目的與研究問題………….……………………..………………..3
第二章 文獻回顧…………………………...….………………………………...5
第一節 組織承諾……..………………….……………………..………………5
一、 組織承諾之意涵……………….………………………..………......5
二、 組織承諾之相關研究…………….……….…………………......……...6
第二節 品牌與品牌忠誠…………………….…...…….…………………….12
一、 品牌之意涵……………………………………......………………..12
二、 品牌忠誠之意涵……………………………...…...………………..12
三、 品牌忠誠之相關研究……………………...………...……………..15
第三節 購買意願….……………………………...……………………………18
一、 購買意願之意涵……………………………….....…...……………....18
二、 購買意願之影響因素…………………..….....……...………………..18
第四節 台塑集團企業簡介………………………………...………………..23
第五節 假說建立…………………………………………...……………..…25
一、組織承諾與購買意願假說………………….....……...………...………25
二、組織承諾與品牌忠誠假說…………………......……..……...…………25
三、品牌忠誠與購買意願假說………………….........………………………27
第三章 研究設計………………………………………….………….…………..29
第一節 研究架構…….…………………………………….………….29
第二節 研究對象…………….……………………………….……….29
一、樣本選擇………………………………….……………30
二、產品選取…………………………….…………………30
第三節 問卷設計………………………………………………………..30
第四節 資料收集……………………………………………….……….33
第五節 資料分析………………………………………….…………….34
一、信度效度分析……………………………….…………34
二、模式建立………………………………….……………35
第四章 研究結果…………………………………………..……...…………….37
第一節 信度效度檢驗……..……………………..……………………37
一、效度分析…….…………………………….………...37
二、信度分析……….……………………..……………..44
第二節 樣本敘述性統計分析…………………………...…………...46
第三節 假設驗證……………………………………...……………...50
一、組織承諾與購買意願關係驗證結果………..………..51
二、組織承諾與品牌忠誠關係驗證結果………………....52
三、品牌忠誠與購買意願關係驗證結果………….…………53
第四節 變異數分析…………………………...................54
第五章 結論與建議……………………....…………………………………………59
第一節 結論……...…………………………………………...…...59
第二節 建議………………………………………….…………………..60
第三節 研究限制與未來研究建議………………......…………………………..62
參考文獻……………………………………………....………………………………64
附錄…………………………………………………....………………………………75
汪志堅(2005)。盜版商品購買意願影響因素之研究:以音樂雷射唱片為例。行銷評論,2(4): 491-522。
李奇勳(2008)。價格意識、品牌意識與熟悉度對商店品牌購買意願之影響。管理評論,27(3): 21-40。
沈進成、楊琬琪、郭振生(2006)。內部行銷、組織承諾、工作滿意與學校效能影響之關係。人力資源管理學報,6(1): 47-74。
周文賢、楊明璧、賴曉慧(2005)。品牌形象契合度及產品屬性契合度對消費者購買延伸產品意願之研究。交大管理評論,25(1): 97-122。
陸正一(2002)。領導品質、內部顧客與企業永續。品質月刊,38(4): 81-84。
唐順明、徐牧群、陳哲弘、姜琇森(2008)。台灣集團企業虛擬組織模式之研究。交大管理學報。28(2): 253-290。
蔡東峻、李奇勳、吳萬益(2004)。價格、保證及來源國形象對產品評價與購買意願的影響。管理學報,21(1): 21-46。
黃淑琴(1999)。台灣壽險業內部行銷與經營績效之關聯性探討。靜宜大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
韓建玲(1998)。內部行銷對顧客導向行為影響之研究-以民營銀行為例。國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
中華徵信所(2008)。2008年版台灣地區大型集團企業研究。台北:中華徵信所企業股份有限公司。

Aamir, A. C., & Sohail, Z. 2006. Antecedents and Consequences of Organizational Commitment Among Pakistani University Teachers. Applied Human Resource Managemnt Research, 11(1): 39-64.
Alpander, G. G. 1990. Relationship between Commitment to Hospital Goals and job. Health Care Management Review, 15(4): 51-62.
Arjun, C., & Morris, B. H. 2001. The Chain of Effects From Brand Trust and Brand Affect to Brand Performance:The Role of Brand Loyalty. The Journal of Marketing, 65(2): 81-93.
Ashforth, B. E., Harrison, S. H., & Corley, K. G. 2008. Identification in Organizations: An Examination of Four Fundamental Questions. Journal of Management, 34(3): 325-374.
Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. 1991. Marketing Services: Competing Through Quality, New York: The Free Press.
Bhat, S., & Reddy, S. K. 1997. Investigating the Dimensions of Fit between A Brand and Its Extension. In: LeClair D. D., Hartline M, editors. AMA 1997 Winter Educators’ Conference, 8, Chicago, IL: American Marketing Association: 186-194.
Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. 1997. Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS for Windows. London: Routledge.
Campbell, L., & Diamond, W. D. 1990. Framing and Sales Promotions: The Characteristics of a Good Deal. The Journal of Consumer Marketing, 7(4): 25-31.
Cobb, W. C. J., Ruble, C. A., & Donthu, N. 1995. Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase Intent. Journal of Advertising, 24(3): 25-48.
Conduit, J., & Mavondo, F. T. 2001. How Critical Is Internal Customer Orientation to Market Orientation. Journal of Business Research, 51(1): 11-24.
Cornwell, T. B., & Maignan, I. 1998. An International Review of Sponsorship Research. Journal of Advertising , 27(1): 1-21.
Deepak, S., Jagdip, S., & Barry, S. 2002. Consumer Trust, Value, and Loyalty in Relational Exchanges. Journal of Marketing, 66(1): 15-37.
Dekimpe, M. G., Steenkamp, J., Mellens, M., & Abeele, P. V. 1997. Decline and Variability in Brand Loyalty. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 14(5): 405-420.
Dietz J., Pugh, S. D., & Wiley, J. W. 2004. Service Climate Effects on Customer Attitudes: An Examination of Boundary Conditions. Academy of Management Journal, 47(1): 81-92.
Donovan, R. J., & Rossiter, J. R. 1982. Store Atmosphere: An Environmental Psychology Approach. Journal of Retailing, 58: 34-57.
Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M., & Harquail, C. V. 1994. Organizational Images and Member Identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39: 239-263.
Ehrenberg, A. S. C., & Goodhardt, G. 2001. New Brands: Near-instant Loyalty. Journal of Marketing Management, 16(6): 607-617.
Eisinga, R.N., Teelken, J.C., & Dooreward, J. A. C. M. 2006. The Effects of HRM Practices and Antecedents on Organizational Commitment Among University Employees. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17 (12): 2035-2054.
Erben, G. S., & Guneser, A. B. 2008. The Relationship Between Paternalistic Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Investigating the Role of Climate Regarding Ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(4): 955-968.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. 1975. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Gronroos, C. 1984. A Service Quality Model and Its Marketing Implications. European Journal of Marketing, 18(4): 36-44.
Hammond, K., East, R., & Ehrenberg, A. S. C. 1996. Buying More and Buying Longer: Concepts and Applications of Consumer Loyalty. London: London Business School.
Herrbach, O. 2006. A Matter of Feeling? The Affective Tone of Organizational Commitment and Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27 (5): 629-643.
Heskett, J. L., Jones, T. O., Loveman, G. W., Sasser, W. E. J., & Schlesinger, L. A. 1994. Putting the Service-Profit Chain to Work. Harvard Business Review: 164-174.
Jacoby, J. 1971. Brand loyalty: A Conceptual Definition. Proc. American Marketing Assocciastion 6: 655-656.
Jacoby, J., & Kyner, D. B. 1973. Brand Loyalty vs. Repeat Purchasing Behavior. Journal of Marketing Research, 10(1): 1-9.
Jaros, Y. 1997. An Assessment of Meyer and Allen's. 1991. Three-component Model of Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51(3): 319-337.
Johnson, S. A., & Ashforth, B. E. 2008. Externalization of Employment in a Service Environment: The Role of Organizational and Customer Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29: 287-309.
Jones, M. A., Mothersbaugh, D. L., & Beatty, S. E. 2000. Switching Barriers and Repurchase Intentions in Service. Journal of Retailing, 76(2): 259-274.
Jou, J. Y. H., Lin, Y. L., & Wu, C. H. J. 1999. The Relationship between the Internal Marketing Orientation and Organizational Commitment-Taking Nursing Personal as an Example. Proceeding of 1999 International Conference on Comparative Management, 451-464.
Kamins, M. A., & Marks, L. J. 1991. The Perception of Kosher as a Third Party Certification Claim in Advertising for Familiar and Unfamiliar Brands. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 19(3): 77-185.
Keller, K. L. 1993. Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Managing Customer-based Brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1): 1-22.
Klein, J. G., & Ettenson, R. 1999. Consumer Animosity and Consumer Ethnocentrism: An Analysis of Unique Antecedents. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 11(4): 5-24.
Kotler. 1996. Marketing Management:An Asian Perspective. Prentice- Hall: 128-135.
Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. 1991. Principles of Marketing 5th Ed., Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffes, NJ.
Kressmann, F., Sirgy, M. J., Herrmann, A., Huber, F., Huber, S., & Lee, D. J. 2006. Direct and Indirect Effects of Self-Image Congruence on Brand Loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 59: 995-964.
Lau, G. T., & Lee, S. H. 1999. Consumers’ Trust in a Brand and the Link to Brand loyalty. Journal of Market-Focused Management, 4(4): 341-370.
Lee, H., Park, T., Moon, H. M., Yang,Y. H. & Kim, C. 2008. Corporate Philanthropy, Attitude Towards Corporations, and Purchase Intentions: A South Korea study. Journal of Business Research. (in press).
Lin, C. P., Hung, W. T., & Chiu, C. K. 2008. Being Good Citizens: Understanding a Mediating Mechanism of Organizational Commitment and Social Network Ties in OCBs. Journal of Business Ethics, 81: 561-578.
Lin, C., Wu, W. Y., & Wang, Z. F. 2000. A Study of Market Structure: Brand Loyalty and Brand Switching Behaviors for Durable Household Appliances. International journal of Market Research, 42(3): 277-300.
Lionei S. L. 1967. On Prestige and Loyalty of University Faculty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 11(4): 629-642.
Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. 1992. Alumni and Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test of the Reformulated Model of Organizational Identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13: 103-123.
Mano, H. 1999. The Influence of Pre-Existing Negative Affect on Store Purchase Intentions. Journal of Retailing, 75(2): 149-172.
Maxham, J. G. 2001. Service Recovery’s Influence on Consumer Satisfaction, Positive Word-of-mouth, and Purchase Intentions. Journal of Business Research, 54: 11-24.
McCarthy, P. S., Kannan, P. K., Chandrasekharan, R., & Wright, G. P. 1992. Estimating Loyalty and Switching with an Application to the Automobile Market. Management Science, 38(10): 1371-1393.
Mellens, M., Dekimpe M. G., & Steenkamp, J. 1996. A Review of Brand-Loyalty Measures in Marketing. Tijdschr voor Econ Manage 41(4): 507-533.
Meyer, J., & Allen, N. J. 1991. A Three-component Conceptualization of Organizational Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1: 64–98.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. 1997. Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application. Sage,Thousands Oaks, CA.
Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. 2001. Commitment in the Workplace: Toward a General Model. Human Resource Management Review, 11: 299-326.
Mieres, C., Gonzalez, A. M., Marin, D., & Gutierrez, J. A. T. 2006. Influence of Perceived Risk on Store Brand Proneness. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 34(10), 761-772.
Miguel, J. V. B. 2004. Consumer Learning, Brand loyalty, and Competition. Marketing Science, 23(1):134-145.
Moon, J., Chadee, D., & Tikoo, S. 2008. Culture, Product Type, and Price Influences on Consumer Purchase Intention to Buy Personalized Products Online. Journal of Business Research, 61: 31-39.
Morgan, & Hunt. 1994. The Commitment-trust Theory of Relationship Marketing . Journal of Marketing, 58(3): 20-38.
Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. 1979. The Measurement of Organizational Commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 4: 224-247.
Netemeyer, R., Durvasula, G. S., & Lichtenstein, D. R. 1991. A Cross-National Assessment of the Reliability and Validity of the CETSCALE. Journal of Marketing Research, 28(3): 320-327.
Oliver R. L. 1997. Satisfaction. A Behavior Perspective on the Consumer. New York: McGraw-Hill.
O’Reilly, C. A., & Chatman, J. 1986. Organizational Commitment and Psychological Attachment: The Effects of Compliance, Identification, and Internalization on Prosocial Behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71: 492–499.
Paré, G., & Tremblay, M. 2007. The Influence of High-Involvement Human Resources Practices, Procedural Justice, Organizational Commitment, and Citizenship Behaviors on Information Technology Professionals' Turnover Intentions. Group and Organization Management, 32 (3): 326-357.
Patchen, M. P. 1970. Achievement and Involvement on the Job. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall
Padberg, D. I., Walker, F. E., & Kepner, K. W. 1974. Measuring consumer brand preference. Journal of Farm Economic, 56(2): 38-47.
Paul, P. G., Lester, J. W., & Spreng, R. A. 1997. Modeling the Determinants of Customer Satisfaction for Business-to-business Professional Services. Journal Academy of Marketing Science, 25(1): 4-17.
Paulin, M., Ferguson, R. J., & Bergeron, J. 2006. Service Climate and Organizational Commitment: The Importance of Customer Linkages. Journal of Business Research, 59 (8): 906-915.
Philip, M. P., Scott, B. M., Julie, B. P., & Daniel, G. B. 2000. Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3): 516- 563.
Porter, L. W., Steers, R. M., & Mowday, R. T. 1974. Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Among Psychiatric Technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(5): 603-609.
Price, J. L., & Mueller, C. W. 1986. Handbook of Organizational Measurement, Pitman, Marshfield, MA..
Rao, A. R., & Monroe, K. B. 1988. The Moderating Effect of Prior Knowledge on Cue Utilization in Product Evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 15: 53-264.
Riketta, M. 2005. Organizational Identification: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66: 358–384.
Rolf, V. D., Oliver, C., Jost, S., Ulrich, W., Oliver, A., Cornelia, G., Martin, H., Corinna, H., Kai, M., & Patrick, A. 2004. Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Turnover Intentions with Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction. British Journal of Management, 15: 351-360.
Russell, B. R., McColl, K. J., & Coote, L. V. 2007. Involvement, Satisfaction, and Brand Loyalty in a Small Business Services Setting. Journal of Business Research. 60: 1253-1260.
Scandura, T. A., & Lankau, M. J. 1997. Relationships of Gender, Family Responsibility and Flexible Work Hours to Organizational Commitment and Job satisfaction. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18 (4): 377-391.
Schoell, W. F. 1993. Marketing Essentials 1st Ed, Allyn-Bacon.
Shim, S., Eastlick, M. A., Lotz, S. L., & Warrington, P. 2001. An Online Prepurchase Intentions Model: The Role of Intention to Search. Journal of Retailing, 77: 397-416.
Smeenk, S. G. A., Eisinga, R. N., Teelken, J.C., & Dooreward, J. A. C. M. 2006. The effects of HRM practices and Antecedents on organizational commitment among university employees. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(12): 2035-2054.
Sirgy, M. J., Lee, D. J., Johar, V., & Tidwell, J. 2008. The Effect of Self Congruity with Sponsorship on Brand Loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 61(10): 1091-1097.
Sommer, S. M., Bae, S. H., & Luthans, F. 1996. Organizational Commitment Across Cultures: The Impact of Antecedents on Korean Employees. Human Relations, 49 (7): 977-992.
Sonnenberg, F. K. 1988. Marketing: Relationship Management Is More than Wining and Dining. Journal of Business Strategy, 9(3): 60-63.
Spiros, G., & Vlasis, S. 2003. Antecedents and Consequences of Brand Loyalty: An Empirical Study. The Journal of Brand Management, 11(4): 283-306.
Shugan, S. M. 2005. Editorial: Brand Loyalty Programs: Are They Shams? Marketing Science, 24(2): 185-193.
Sturges, J., Conway, N., Guest, D., & Liefooghe, A. 2005. Managing the Career Deal: The Psychological Contract as a Framework for Understanding Career Management, Organizational Commitment and Work Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(7): 821-838.
Supphellen, M., & Nysveen, H. 2001. Drivers of Intention to Revisit the Web sites of Well-known Companies. International Journal of Market Research, 43(3): 341-352.
Tan, B. 2002. Understanding Consumer Ethical Decision Making with Respect to Purchase of Pirated Software. The Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(2-3): 96-111.
Tansuhaj, Randall, & McCullough. 1988. A Model of Service Marketing Management: Integrating Internal & External Marketing Functions. The Journal of Service Marketing, 2(1): 31-38.
Teng, L. 2009. A Comparison of Two Types of Price Discounts in Shifting Consumers' Attitudes and Purchase Intentions. Journal of Business Research, 62: 14–21.
Todd, D. D., Brown, T. J., & Mowen, J.C. 2004. Internal Benefits of Service-Worker Customer Orientation: Job Satisfaction, Commitment, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Journal of Marketing, 68(1): 128-146.
Turker, D. 2008. How Corporate Social Responsibility Influences Organizational Commitment. Journal of Business Ethics: 1-16 (In press)
Van, K., D., & Sleebos, E. 2006. Organizational Identification versus Organizational Commitment: Self-definition, Social Exchange, and Job Attitudes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 27(5): 571-584.
Wang, Y. 2008. Emotional Bonds with Supervisor and Co-workers: Relationship to Organizational Commitment in China's Foreign-invested Companies. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(5): 916-931.
Welsch, H. P., & LaVan, H. 1981.Inter-relationships Between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior, and Organizational Climate. Human Relations, 34: 1079-1089.
Xu, Y., Summers, T. A., & Belleau, B. D. 2004. Who Buys American Alligator? Predicting Purchase Intention of a Controversial Product. Journal of Business Research, 57: 1189-1198.
Yorick O., Nathalie O., & Pierre,V. F. 2001. Conceptual and Operational Aspects of Brand loyalty: An Empirical Investigation. Journal of Business Research, 53: 75-84.
Yi, Y., & Jeon, H. 2003. Effects of Loyalty Programs on Value Perception, Program Loyalty, and Brand Loyalty. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(3): 229-240.
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top