臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本研究之目的在探討：(一)全體選手之體型及其在體型分散圖上分佈之情況；(二)各項運動選手之體型及其在體型分散圖上分佈之情況；(三)各項運動內不同量級選手體型分佈差異之比較。每項運動內之各級是依量級不同區分為A、B、C三級。以參加全國性各單項運動比賽的男性選手共 108名為研究對象，其中舉重45名，柔道25名，角力23名，跆拳15名，平均年齡20.99±3.26歲，身高169.75±7.03公分，體重70.55±16.74公斤。本研究以希史－卡特體型分類法（Heath-Carter Somatotype Method），分別以LangeCaliper測量肱三頭肌、肩胛下方、腸骨上方、小腿等部份之皮脂厚；以Martin''s人體測量儀器測量身高與骨胳寬（肱骨寬、股骨寬）及肌肉圍（肱二頭肌圍、小腿圍）；並以Detecto體重計測量體重。所得資料經統計分析與討論，其結果如下：
　　(一)全體選手的體型成份之平均值為3.5-6.7-1.8，而在體型分散圖上，有91%的選手之體型分佈於中偏內胚層、均勻中胚層、中偏外胚層之間，然而選手的體型成份值，易受到運動項目的不同而有所差異。
　　(二)舉重、柔道、角力、跆拳等四種運動項目間的體型分佈均無顯著差異（p>.05）。其可能來自本研究所選取之運動項目皆是以體重分級的項目。
　　(三)就各項運動選手的胚層分佈情況而言，柔道與角力在內胚層上有明顯差異，這由於本研究柔道選手的內胚層成份值較高所致。而跆拳在中、外胚層成份值上與柔道、角力有所不同，其可能原因是跆拳在體型上較為修長。
　　(四)在各運動不同量級選手的體型分佈情形，其各項運動選手，會因各量級重的增加而在體型分散圖上，體型分佈位置會由中外胚層漸移向中內胚層。

　　The purposes of this study were:
　　(1)to investigate the somatotype of athletes in four different sports and their distribution on a somatochart,
　　(2)to investigate the somtotype of athletes in each of the four sports and their distrbution on a somatotcart,
　　(3)to compare the distribution of somatotype of athletes in different bodyweight categories in each of the four different sports.
　　Athletes in each sport were divided into three predetermined A, B, C categories in terms of their different bodyweight. The subjects used in this study were 108 male athletes who have previously participated in national championship tournaments. They are 45 weight lifters, 25 judo players, 23 wrestlers and 15 taekwondo players, The averageage of these athletes was 20.99±3.26 years old; the average height was 169.75±7.03 cm; the average weight was 70.55±16.74 kg. The Heath-Carter Somatotype Method was used in this study, and Lange Calipers were used to measure the skinfolds of triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and calf body sites; Martin''s anthropometric equipment was used to measure the height and the width of the humerus, and femur, while the circumferences of the biceps, and calf were measured; a Detecto scale was used to measure body weight. Based on the obtained data, the following results are warrant:
　　1.For all subjects, The means for each component of the somatotype were 3.5-6.7-1.8. It was foud that 91% of the subjects are either endomorphic mesomorph, balanced mesomorph, ectomorphic mesomorph. However, the somatotype component values varied substantially among different sports.
　　2.The results indicated that there were no obvious somatotype differences among the athletes of four different sports.
　　3.Athletes in each of the four sports, the distributions of somatotype existed a statistical difference in the component of endomorph in the athletes of judo and wrestling, because high endomorph value in the athletes of judo.
　　4.For all four sports, the locations of somatotype spots shifted from meso-ectomorph to endo-mesomorph as body weight with categories increased.