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本論文乃利用隨機增幅多形性核酸技術來分析日本血吸蟲之臺灣株與大陸株基因組間之差異，並與曼氏血吸蟲和埃及血吸蟲做比較。本實驗共使用26組任意合成之引子，其中25組由10個核甘酸組成，一組由ll個核甘酸組成。實驗結果顯示由26組引子所獲得的隨機增幅多形性電泳圖譜，在種的層次上，確可利用此隨機增幅多形性電泳圖譜將日本血吸蟲、曼氏血吸蟲和埃及血吸蟲明確的區分開。另一方面，在株的層次上，本實驗之臺灣株與大陸株日本血吸蟲，26組放大產物中，相互之間也有不同程度的種內差異;其中有一些引子，例如R15(5'-GGACTGGAGT)、R16(5'-TCGGCGATAG)及R25(5'-TGCGTGCCTG)等所獲得之特異多形性圖譜不僅可直接做為區別日本血吸蟲種內之指紋鑑定依據，更可藉由26組引子所獲得的隨機增幅多形性圖譜綜合計算所求得之相似系數，推論日本血吸蟲之臺灣株與大陸株應分屬不同之族群。吾人認為隨機增幅多形性核酸技術不僅為一種具體可行區別不同種及不同株之血吸蟲的鑑別方法，將來或許亦可廣被應用到其他寄生蟲種間及種內之鑑別。
Genetic diversities of entire genome of Schistosoma japonicum from Taiwan and mainland China were studied by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Schistosoma mansoni from Puerto Rico and Schistosoma haematobium from Egypt were included for comparison. Twenty-six arbitrary primers were used in this study, 25 of which consisted of 10 nucleotides and I with 11 nucleotides. Some of the primers, for example R8 (5'-GGGTAACGCC) and R24 (5'-TCTGTGCTGG), produced polymorphic band patterns which could be used as DNA fingerprints for interspecies identification of schistosome populations. Other primers, such as R15 (5'-GGACTGGAGT), R16 (5'- TCGGCGATAG) and R25(5'-TGCGTGCCTG), produced polymorphic band patterns for intraspecies identification of S. japonicum. The different RAPD band profiles exhibited by the Taiwanese and mainland Chinese strains show that they belong to two distinct populations. The application of RAPD is an extremely useful tool for the identification of schistosome species and strains and it may widely open the way to genetic identification of other species of parasites.
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