臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國際民航組織於1983年公佈ACN-PCN 方法，作為機場道面承載力之通報標準，但多年來PCN值之評估方式並未有一套程序完整之計算流程供機場工程單位參照。
本研究擬以FAA AC 150/5335-5A的標準PCN計算流程為基礎，配合COMFAA軟體，建立一操作簡易的PCN基本計算程式。在建構程式的剛性鋪面設計模式時，本研究利用了R805FAA的版塊最大邊緣應力迴歸式概念；柔性鋪面設計模式則是利用ESWL值、撓度係數概念與美國陸軍水道實驗室的 CBR 設計公式。而無論剛性鋪面或是柔性鋪面的設計模式均利用COMFAA 2.0輸出的數據建立。建立好的剛、柔性鋪面設計模式將以迴歸式方式呈現，並配合FAA標準PCN計算流程建立連貫的PCN計算程序，此程序經驗證後可以得到與FAA標準PCN計算流程相同的PCN計算結果。
此外本研究還利用了等效厚度公式與加鋪逆設計的概念對於柔性加鋪的跑道PCN值計算進行探討，並對於剛性鋪面的有效K值計算與柔性鋪面的等價厚度係數計算進行說明。最後本研究探討了逐點與以代表值計算PCN值的差異性，結果發現逐點計算PCN值較以代表值計算PCN值更具有合理性，建議往後分析PCN的單位可以使用逐點計算進行PCN值分析。

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) published the ACN/PCN method to be a standard publish for the airport pavement strength in 1983. However, until now, there is no complete process of PCN evaluation for airport engineering departments to follow.
This research establishes an easily-used PCN evaluation program, which is based on FAA AC 1502/5335-5a and the COMFAA program to. This research uses the concept of the regression formula for maximum edge stress from R805FAA program for rigid pavement model and uses the concept of equivalent single wheel load (ESWL), deflection factor, and CBR design method for flexible pavement model. Both rigid and flexible pavement models are constructed based on the output data from the COMFAA 2.0 program . The pavement models are incorporated with the the standardPCN evaluation process suggested by FAA to establish a comprehensive PCN evaluation process. This comprehensive PCN evaluation process is capable of obtaining the same PCN values as the values calculated by the standard PCN evaluation process suggested by FAA.
In addition, this research uses the equivalent thickness method and the reverse overlay design concept to solve the PCN calculation problem about AC overlaid pavement . The research also illustrates the calculation of effective K-values for rigid pavement and the equivalent factors for flexible pavement. Finally, the research investigates the differences between the PCN values obtained from multi-point calculation or representative value calculation. The result shows that the PCN values obtained from multi-point calculation are more reasonable than those obtained from representative value calculation.

第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景………………………………..…………………………...…………1
1.2 研究目的……………………………………………………………………….2
1.3 研究方法與內容…………………………………………………...…………..2
1.4 研究流程………………………………………………...……………………..3
第二章 文獻回顧……………………………………………………………………..4
2.1 ACN-PCN評估方法………………...…………….……………………………4
2.1.1 PCN與ACN之定義…………………………………………………..…..4
2.1.2 ACN之計算方式…………………………………………………………..6
2.1.3 PCN之計算方法…………………………………………………………...8
2.2機場跑道鋪面設計方法………………………………………………………20
2.2.1 剛性鋪面機場跑道設計方法……………………………………………20
2.2.2 柔性鋪面機場跑道設計方法……………………………………………25
2.3 現有PCN計算方法與程式…………………………………………………..28
2.4 小結…………………………………………………………………………...32
第三章COMFAA 2.0於自動化PCN計算之應用…………………………………..35
3.1 FAA鋪面設計曲線建立之背景………………………………………………35
3.1.1 剛性鋪面設計曲線建立之背景…………………………………………35
3.1.2 柔性鋪面設計曲線建立之背景…………………………………………39
3.2 COMFAA 2.0程式介紹……………………………………………………….42
3.2.1 COMFAA 2.0剛性鋪面計算原理………………………………………..43
3.2.2 COMFAA 2.0柔性鋪面計算原理………………………………………..45
3.3 應用COMFAA 2.0建立自動化鋪面設計流程 ……………………………46
3.3.1 利用COMFAA 2.0建立自動化剛性鋪面設計流程概述………………47
3.3.2 利用COMFAA 2.0建立自動化柔性鋪面設計流程概述………………48
3.4 小結…………………………………………………………………………...49
第四章 PCN計算程式邏輯之建立…………………………………………………50
4.1 航機資料庫建立流程………………………………………………………...50
4.1.1 剛性鋪面航機資料庫建立流程…………………………………………50
4.1.2 柔性鋪面航機資料庫建立流程…………………………………………57
4.1.3 小結………………………………………………………………………63
4.2 機場剛性鋪面PCN值計算程式之邏輯…………………………………….65
4.2.1 決定設計機型……………………………………………………………65
4.2.2 計算設計機型之等價覆蓋率……………………………………………70
4.2.3 計算設計機型之容許單一主輪軸載重…………………………………73
4.2.4 計算PCN值……………………………………………………………...74
4.3 機場柔性鋪面PCN值計算程式之邏輯……………………………………..76
4.3.1 決定設計機型……………………………………………………………76
4.3.2 計算設計機型之等價覆蓋率……………………………………………81
4.3.3 計算設計機型之容許單一主輪軸載重…………………………………81
4.3.4 計算PCN值……………………………………………………………..82
4.4 PCN計算程式邏輯之驗證……………………………………………………84
4.4.1 剛性鋪面PCN值計算結果之驗證...……………………………………84
4.4.2 柔性鋪面PCN值計算結果之驗證…………………...…………………96
4.5 小結………………………………………………………………………….107
第五章 計算機場PCN值時的其他問題………………………………………...108
5.1 現地非破壞檢測資料於輸入PCN計算之前處理…………………………108
5.1.1 剛性鋪面路基有效K值計算…………………………………………..109
5.1.2 柔性鋪面等價厚度係數………………………………………………..112
5.2 PCN計算時對於鋪面加鋪之處理……………………………………….….114
5.2.1 柔性鋪面加鋪於剛性鋪面視為剛性鋪面……………………………..115
5.2.2 柔性鋪面加鋪於剛性鋪面視為柔性鋪面……………………………..121
5.2.3 柔性鋪面加鋪於柔性鋪面視為柔性鋪面……………………………..122
5.3 小結………………………………………………………………………….124
第六章 機場跑道PCN值分析方式比較…………….……………………………125
6.1代表值與逐點計算PCN值之差異…………………………………………..125
6.2 以逐點計算分析PCN值之相關事項………………………………………134
6.2.1 利用排序15%弱與平均值減標準差統計量計算PCN值的差異…….134
6.2.2 路基等級的判定………………………………………………………..140
6.3 剛性鋪面跑道PCN值分析實例……………………………………………140
6.4 經柔性加鋪處理之剛性鋪面跑道PCN值分析實例………………………145
6.5 小結………………………………………………………………………….148
第七章 結論與建議………………………………………………………………..149
7.1 結論………………………………………………………………………….150
7.2 建議………………………………………………………………………….150
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………151
附錄…………………………………………………………………………………154

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