臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇論文提出使用不同的匹配網路方法設計2瓦、10瓦功率放大器並結合無偏壓預失真電路，用以改善IMD (Intermodulation distortion) ，提高放大器可使用輸出功率。我們首先討論功率放大器在通訊系統中的重要性，接著說明功率放大器的非線性效應的產生，以及目前常使用的線性化技術及基本觀念。最後使用FUJITSU 以及CREE 生產的功率晶體FLL177ME和CGH40010F來設計功率放大器並結合預失真電路來做線性度的改善。
在設計階段之初，我們會使用一個符合規格的功率晶體作為設計的關鍵元件，根據該元件的特性，使用不同設計匹配網路方法做為2瓦、10瓦功率放大器合成的基礎 (Complex Conjugate method and Fano method )，接著建立符合規格功率放大器的匹配網路。
最後，透過一個雙向平行蕭特基二極體且並聯π型衰減器的無偏壓預失真電路進行功率放大器線性度的改善，此電路被製作在UL2000板材，介電係數為2.38，板厚為0.76 mm PCB (printed circuit board) 上，大小約為1.8 mm x 2 mm，此電路具有尺寸小、低損耗和良好的反射損耗，為了驗證提出方法有效性，我們使用輸入頻率2.6 GHz且頻寬5 MHz雙音訊號來做測試，並將量測數據與理論做比對，在IM3 -30 dBm的標準下， 2瓦功率放大器可用輸出功率範圍從18.5 dBm延伸到23.5 dBm，有約5 dB的輸出功率線性度改善。

This study proposes different matched methods to design 2W and 10W RF microwave power amplifier combining with a bias-free predistorter to improve IMD (Intermodulation distortion) and raise usable output power. First, we discuss the importance of RF microwave power amplifier in communication system. Then, we illustrate nonlinear effect generated by power amplifier and the basic concept of linearizer technology. Last of all, this research adopts FUJITSU and CREE produced by transistor (FLL177ME,CGH40010F) to design power amplifier connected with a bias-free predistorter for improvement of linearity.
In the initial design phase, we utilize a transistor with standard specification as the key component. According to the component’s property, Complex Conjugate method and Fano method is used to design the 2W and 10W power amplifiers, and the matched network meeting the power amplifier’s standard-specification is set up as well.
A bias-free predistorter composing of anti-parallel diodes, and a π type attenuator is adopted to improve IM3 of power amplifier, which is fabricated on UL 2000 substrates with dielectric constant = 2.38, loss tangent = 0.0022, and thickness h = 0.762 mm. The overall size of the predistorter is set to be 1.8mm x 2mm, with the characteristics of small-size, low insertion loss, and good return loss. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods, we conduct two-tone test with input frequency as 2.6 GHz and the spacing as 5 MHz. After that, measured results are presented to illustrate the validity of the proposed design method. By adding the predistorter to the amplifier can effectively improve IM3 of 2-watt power amplifier’s output power from 18.5 dBm to 23.5 dBm.

論文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
Contents VI
List of Figures VIII
List of Tables XIII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Literature Survey on High-power Amplifiers 3
1.3 Design of Method 4
1.4 Distortion Implementation 5
1.5 Organization of Thesis 6
Chapter 2 Basic Theory 8
2.1 The Transmission (ABCD) Matrix 8
2.2 Microstrip Line 9
2.3 TRL Technique Theory 12
2.3.1 Through, Reflect, Line calibrator 14
2.4 Power Amplifier Classes 16
2.4.1 Class A 18
2.4.2 Class B 19
2.4.3 Class AB 20
2.4.4 Class C 20
2.4.5 1-dB Compression Point 21
2.4.6 Intermodulation Distortion 22
2.5 Linearization Methods 26
2.5.1 Feedforward 26
2.5.2 Feedback 27
2.5.3 Adaptive Baseband Predistortion 29
2.5.4 Predistortion 30
Chapter 3 Design of 2-Watt Power Amplifier 32
3.1 Stability 32
3.1.1 Unconditional Stability 33
3.1.2 Conditional Stability 34
3.1.3 Stability Circle 34
3.2 Complex Conjugate Matched 36
3.4 Design Approach 38
3.4.1 Extraction the S Parameter 39
3.4.2 Stability Consideration 44
3.4.3 Matching Network Using Complex-Conjugate Matched Mehod 45
3.4.4 Simulation and Measurement Results 48
Chapter 4 Design of 10-Watt Power Amplifier Using FANO Transfer Function 55
4.1 Fano Method 55
4.2 Design Approach 57
4.2.1 DC Bias Condition 58
4.2.1 Load and Source Pull Analysis 59
4.2.2 Matching Network 61
4.3 Simulation and Measurement Results 67
Chapter 5 Predistortion Linearizer 72
5.1 The Concept of Predistorter 72
5.2 Anti-parallel Schottky Diode Analysis for Predistorter 75
5.3 The Phase and Amplitude Distortion of Predistorter 77
Chapter 6 Experimental Results 82
6.1 The Linearity Measurement 82
Chapter 7 Conclusion 87
7.1 Conclusion 87
7.2 Future work 88
APPendix A The Data Sheet of FLL177ME and CGH40010F 89
Reference 91

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