臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
設施佈置問題是將有限的資源作最有效的分配，並將設施與位置的對應關係達到最佳化的狀態，並希望在多種組合當中求其成本最少，其中成本包括部門間的搬運成本、互動成本等。設施佈置的優劣是生產系統運作的重要成敗關鍵，若因佈置的不當而重新佈置時其所耗費的成本將數倍於初始建置的成本。過去之研究多以探討部門間之量化因子 (如搬運成本或其他相關之成本) 為主，較少以部門間之質化因子 (如部門緊密度) 為考慮之重點。
本研究主要探討以相鄰為評估基礎來解決設施佈置的問題。在質化因數方面，本研究考慮以部門相關緊密度，並利用空間填滿曲線 (Space-filling Curve, SFC) 的方法建構較佳的佈置結果。本研究並期望對生產系統之佈置評估方法，提供另一角度之思考方向，並協助國內之企業在設施佈置之評估時之參考。 經由本研究所發展出的佈置軟體與其他佈置軟體演算法測試與比較，結果顯示以整體來說本研究建構之演算法所求解出之佈置方案，在部門總緊密評比(TCR)、加權緊密評比 (WCR) 比傳統佈置軟體 (ALDEP, CORELAP, BLOCPLAN, MIFLAG II) 演算法所建構出之佈置方案佳。

Abstract
The facility layout problem is to optimize the relative location of the departments with the minimum cost of either material handling or interactive cost. The effective layout of the facilities is one of the keys to the success of the production system for the poor layout and design will cost more and deteriorate the operational efficiency. Past researches were mostly focused on the quantitative measures (e.g., material handling cost), while few were concerned about the qualitative measures (e.g., adjacent closeness).
This purpose of this research was to study the facility layout problem based on the adjacency closeness measure. For the qualitative factor, this study focuses on the department closeness measure and utilize the space-filling curve to generate the layout. The proposed approach can help the designer with another choice other than the traditional cost based measures. The results show that this proposed model can obtain better solution in both Total Closeness Rating (TCR) and Weighted Closeness Rating (WCR) than the traditional approaches.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………ii
誌謝…………………………………………………………………iii
目錄…………………………………………………………………iv
表目錄………………………………………………………………vi
圖目錄………………………………………………………………vii
第一章 諸論………………………………………………………1
1.1 研究背景與動機 ……………………………………………1
1.2 研究目的 ……………………………………………………2
1.3 研究範圍與限制 ……………………………………………2
1.4 研究架構 ……………………………………………………3
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………5
2.1 設施佈置之定義 ……………………………………………5
2.2 設施佈置問題之分析模式 …………………………………6
2.3 設施佈置相關文獻回顧 ……………………………………6
2.4 電腦化佈置評估……………………………………………10
2.4.1 相鄰基礎評分法…………………………………………10
2.4.2 距離基礎評分法…………………………………………11
2.4.3 距離-權重基礎評分法 …………………………………11
2.5 電腦化佈置程序……………………………………………11
2.6 空間填滿曲線………………………………………………13
2.7 系統放置方式………………………………………………14
第三章 目標模式建立 …………………………………………15
3.1 模式建立……………………………………………………15
3.2 目標式的評估公式計算假設………………………………17
3.3 質化輸入矩陣之建立………………………………………17
3.3.1 資料輸入…………………………………………………17
3.3.2 資料轉換…………………………………………………18
3.4 量化距離矩陣之建立………………………………………18
3.4.1 標準化……………………………………………………19
第四章 系統架構的建立 ………………………………………21
4.1 空間填滿曲線產生方法……………………………………22
4.2 部門放置順序………………………………………………23
4.3 部門間的調整………………………………………………24
4.4 部門中心之計算方式………………………………………25
4.5 部門被切斷之判斷法則……………………………………26
4.6 程式流程……………………………………………………26
4.6.1 程式之輸出入資料 ………………………………………26
4.6.2 軟硬體需求 ………………………………………………27
4.7 範例一………………………………………………………29
4.8 範例二：電腦實例說明……………………………………34
第五章 演算法分析與比較……………………………………40
5.1 部門中心方法分析比較……………………………………40
5.2 與ALDEP之比較 ……………………………………………42
5.3 與CORELAP之比較 …………………………………………43
5.4 與BLOCPLAN之比較…………………………………………44
5.5 與MIFLAG II之比較 ………………………………………46
5.6 與各設施佈置軟體特性之比較……………………………47
第六章 結論與建議……………………………………………48
6.1 結論………………………………………………………48
6.2 建議與未來發展方向………………………………………49
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………50
附錄一 測試問題相關數據………………………………………54
附錄二 測試問題佈置結果之圖形………………………………57

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