臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在加入異質性個人與時間偏好不一致的假設下，本論文試圖探討財政政策是否得以提高經濟成長與改善所得分配不均。本文採取Gini係數衡量所得分配不均的現象，建構出一新古典成長模型，並考慮以上兩項假設，重新思考與檢視是否政府應採取自由放任之政策，亦或是利用財政政策加以干預。本研究透過理論與刻劃的分析證明出有效折現因子並無法受到財政工具所影響，在自由放任的政策之下，該社會的經濟成長率較高；相較之下，財政政策卻帶來了扭曲。然而，若政府採取適當之財政政策，對占社會少數之富人課稅，同時對社會多數之窮人補貼，則可達到所得重分配之效果，進而緩和貧富不均之現象。

The paper investigates how fiscal policies affect economic growth and income inequality in an economy populated by heterogeneous agents with quasi-geometric discounting factor. Incorporating these assumptions pertaining to time preferences, this research aims to examine whether the invisible hand works or whether government’s regulation is preferable to laissez-faire fiscal policy in a two-sector neoclassical growth model. Theoretical and calibration results indicate that government’s fiscal instruments cannot vary agents’ effective discount factors. A laissez-faire fiscal policy is associated with faster economic growth. Redistributive intervention policies lead to distortions in agents’ saving decisions. However, the policy of subsidizing the majority who are relatively poor along with taxing wealthy agents can mitigate income discrepancy between them.

1. Introduction... ..1
2. Literature Review.....5
3. The Model.....10
3.1. The Private Sector.....10
3.2. The Government.....11
3.3. Production Technology.....12
4. Optimality and Equilibrium at Steady State.....13
5. The Impacts of Policies on Growth Rate.....17
6. Calibration.....27
6.1. Parameters Values..... 27
6.2. Growth Rate under Different Fiscal Schemes.....30
6.3. Income Inequality under Different Fiscal Schemes.....33
7. Empirical Evidence and Stylized Facts.....36
8. Conclusion..... 43
8.1. Summary.....43
8.2. Discussion.....43
8.3. Extension.....44
9. References..... 46
10. Appendices.....49
Appendix A.....49
Appendix B.....50
Appendix C.....51
Appendix D.....52

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