臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要利用水工模型試驗，模擬在定量流(V/Vc=0.95)流況作用下，不均勻橋墩墩徑比(D/D*=0.4 及 0.7)與不同橋墩型式於不同的覆土高度(Y)時，橋墩局部沖刷及沖刷歷程之變化。
研究結果顯示，在相同的水流條件作用下，不同型式橋墩在不同的覆土高度下會產生不同的沖刷深度，且不同型式橋墩的最大沖刷度發生位置不同。無論何種不均勻橋墩型式，當橋墩基礎未裸露(Y=+10 mm)時，所產生之最大沖刷深度均較橋墩基礎裸露(Y=-10 mm)時小。
在相同水流條件作用下，墩徑比D/D*=0.4之橋墩型式(A1)、(B1)、(C1)，由於不均勻面能有效阻擋向下射流，橋墩基礎未裸露(Y=+10 mm)時所產生之沖刷深度較小，而橋墩基礎裸露(Y=-10 mm)時則反之。
橋墩墩徑比D/D*=0.4之橋墩型式(A1)、(B1)、(C1)時，水流所產生之局部沖刷深度皆低於墩徑比D/D*=0.7之橋墩型式(A2)、(B2)、(C2)，其中又以墩徑比D/D*=0.4橋墩型式(B1)橋墩基礎未裸露(Y=+10 mm)時，不均勻面較能有效減緩向下射流的沖刷。於考量橋墩水理安全之情況下，本研究之橋墩墩徑比D/D*=0.4為較佳之設計，而橋墩型式則以B型(非同心圓不均勻圓柱型)橋墩為較理想之橋墩型式。

The research utilize hydraulic models to simulate local scour depth and scour depth change with time for non-uniform pier diameter ratio D/D* of 0.4 and 0.7, and different type pier and initial bed level relative under the foundation top elevation under steady flow. (V/Vc=0.95)
The research results show that the different scour depth with different initial bed level relative and different type pier, and accompany different type pier will make maximum scour depth to different position. The maximum scour depth of un-exposed bridge foundation (Y=+10 mm) is less than exposed bridge foundation (Y=-10 mm) whatever type piers are.
In the same flow condition, when the bridge foundation is un-exposed (Y=+10mm) and the diameter ratio is D/D* of 0.4 with type pier (A1), (B1), (C1), the non-uniform plane of foundation can retard downflow scouring effectively and make scour depth reduced. Opposite results are found for the exposed (Y=-10 mm) bridge foundation.
Local scour depth of the diameter ratio D/D* of 0.4 with type pier (A1), (B1), (C1) is less than that diameter ratio D/D* of 0.7 with type pier (A2), (B2), (C2); when the diameter ratio is D/D* of 0.4 with type pier (B1) of an un-exposed bridge foundation (Y=+10 mm), non-uniform plane can retard scour more effectively. Considering the safety of bridge structure, an eccentric non-uniform circular pier with D/D* which equals to 0.4 with type pier B is an ideal pier style.

壹、前言
貳、文獻回顧
參、理論分析
肆、水工模型試驗
伍、結果分析與討論
陸、結論與建議
附圖
參考文獻

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