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人類肺臟犬心絲蟲症(human pulmonary dirofilariasis)為寄生於犬之犬心絲蟲(Dirofilaria immitis)所引起。患者之肺臟腫塊大多被人體吸收或鈣化不會威脅人類生命。但其所引起之肺臟病變，大多被放射診斷誤診為腫瘤，因此患者常遭受非必要之開胸手術處置。目前人類肺臟犬心絲蟲症並無專一性診斷方法，在此實驗中我們建立人類肺臟犬心絲蟲症之酵素連結免疫吸附檢測系統，利用犬心絲蟲第五期幼蟲之粗抗原及DNA重組之融合蛋白質(D34-Afusion protein)為抗原，進行人類肺臟犬心絲蟲症之血清診斷，並用於高、低危險群血清篩選。篩選結果顯示，南投縣信義鄉之高危險群居民在1994年採集359個血清、1996年採集339個血清與1995年在台東縣成功鎮之低危險群居民248個血清樣本中，對犬心絲蟲粗抗原呈陽性反應之血清陽性率分別為2.5%，2.1%與0.4%；以DNA重組合成之融合蛋白質當抗原測試相同之血清樣本，抗犬心絲蟲融合蛋白質抗原呈陽性反應之血清陽性率分別為2.0%，0.9%與0%。
Human pulmonary dirofflariasis is a zoonosis caused by the dog heartworm Dirofilaria immitis. Human pulmonary dirofilariasis is usually presented as a spherical , subpleural , pulmonary embolization with granulomatous reaction, that is almost always a self-limited process posing no significant threat to human health. Nevertheless this lesion is usually mistaken radiological for a primary or metastatic lung tumor, necessitating thoracotomy with excisional lung biopsy for diagnosis. There is no specific method available presently for the differential diagnosis of human dirofilariasis. In this study, we established two ELISA systems using D. immitis L5 somatic antigen and recombinant DNA-derived D. immitis fusion protein, respectively, for the diagnosis of human dirofilariasis. Data are also presented on serological surveys using these two ELISA systems in human populations associated with high and low prevalence of canine dirofilariasis. Three hundreds and fifty nine and 339 human sera were collected from an area with high prevalence of canine dirofilariasis in 1994 and 1996, respectively. In addition, 248 human sera were collected from another area with low canine dirofilariasis prevalence in 1995. The human seropositive rates detected by ELISA using somatic antigen were 2.5 % and 2.1 % in the high canine dirofilariasis prevalence area in 1994 and 1996, respectively, while it was 0.4.% in the low prevalence area. The human seropositive rates detected by ELISA using fusion protein were 2.0 % and 0.9 % in high canine dirofilariasis area in 1994 and 1996, respectively, while it was 0% in low prevalence area.
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