臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

SOAP ( Simple Object Access Protocol )是目前電子商務的應用技術中最熱門的選項之一，SOAP除了具備簡單明瞭的XML純文字型態內容、跨平台與語言的優點外，高度的延展性與防火牆的穿透性更是其專屬特色。但是，現今的SOAP規格中，並沒有包含容錯機制在內。對於電子商務與其他應用而言，這些功能是不足的；為了提高系統的穩定度與可靠度，容錯機制是不可或缺的重要技術，因此，容錯機制對於目前的SOAP而言，是迫切需要的。
本論文的研究主要以CORBA在容錯機制上的概念為藍本，再利用SOAP在Internet上使用的特性，設計出一套適用於SOAP平台上的容錯機制的共通介面( Common Interface )，藉此強化SOAP現有的架構，使SOAP平台能夠提供一個更為可靠與穩定的系統。本論文在此稱之為Fault Tolerant SOAP，簡稱FT-SOAP。
本論文已使用FT-SOAP實做一個雛型(Prototype )於WindowsXP平台上，透過雛型的實做與測試，經由最後所得到的實驗數據分析顯示，本論文所設計的FT-SOAP可以在只增加原系統些微的負荷便能夠強化現有SOAP結構，提供Web Service容錯的功能，因此，FT-SOAP確實具備可行性與實用性。

Recently, SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) has become the most popular technique to develop web service application for electronic commerce. SOAP [MSFT01] is a lightweight and simple XML-based protocol that is design to exchange structured and typed information on the web. Unfortunately, current SOAP architecture is lack of mechanism to build high reliable EC system.
The purpose of this thesis is to propose a comprehensive fault tolerant framework based on the current SOAP in order to address the system security issure for EC. These concepts of this thesis are based on fault tolerant CORBA, thought there are similarities and differences between these two techniques. This thesis plan to propose a standard recommendation that outlines a set of interfaces named fault-tolerant SOAP.
This thesis has implemented a FT-SOAP prototype on Windows XP. According to the evaluative experiment, FT-SOAP could improve the security of current SOAP by increase a little penalty of performance overhead. The result of evaluation proved FT-SOAP actually works and worthy to be used.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖表目錄 V
1. 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.1.1 SOAP [W3C00][MSFT01a] 1
1.1.2 WSDL [W3C01][MSFT01b] 2
1.2.3 UDDI [UDDI01][MSFT01c] 2
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究目的與特色 3
1.3.1 研究目的 3
1.3.2 FT-SOAP的特色 5
1.4 論文結構 6
2. 背景與相關研究 7
2.1 Fault Tolerant CORBA 7
2.2 Transparent Fault Tolerance for Web Services based Architectures [DMM+02] 9
2.3 Client Transparent Fault-Tolerant Web Service [AT01] 11
3. 整體環境、設計策略、架構與通訊介面的設計 13
3.1 整體環境 13
3.2 設計策略 13
3.3 系統架構 14
3.4 通訊介面的設計 16
3.4.1 Replication Management 17
3.4.2 Fault Management 17
3.4.3 Logging & Recovery Management 18
3.4.4 Fault Tolerant Grid Service 19
4. FT-SOAP系統成員與運作邏輯 21
4.1 Replication Management Mechanism 21
4.2 Fault Management 24
4.2.1 Fault Detector 24
4.2.2 Fault Notifier 24
4.3 Logging & Recovery Mechanism 26
4.3.1 Logging (Server Side Interceptor) 26
4.3.2 Recovery Service 27
4.3.3 Checkpoint Application 28
4.4 WSG and Client Transparent 29
4.5 運作邏輯 30
5. 系統實作 34
5.1 實做環境需求 34
5.2 系統預設值 35
5.3 系統成員實做 36
5.3.1 Replication Management 38
5.3.2 Fault Management 39
5.3.3 Logging & Recovery 40
5.3.4 Fault Tolerant Grid Service (FT-Grid) 42
5.3.5 Client Transparent Interceptor 43
5.4 實驗設計與效能評估 44
5.4.1 Logging Experiment 44
5.4.2 Checkpointing Experiment 47
5.4.3 Detector Experiment 49
6. 結論與未來工作 51
6.1 結論 51
6.2 未來工作 52
參考文獻 53
附件 一：FT-SOAP IDL 56
附件 二：Database Tables’ Script 60
附件 三：FTGridImpl WSG 62
圖表目錄
圖 1 - 1 SOAP Architecture 2
圖 1 - 2 FT-SOAP Architecture 4
圖 2 - 1 FT-CORBA Architecture 7
圖 2 - 2 [DMM+02]系統架構圖 10
圖 2 - 3 [AT01]系統結構圖 11
圖 4 - 1 RM接受Application Admin註冊與初始化服務示意圖 22
圖 4 - 2 RM註冊Fault Detector與訂閱Fault Notifier資訊示意圖23
圖 4 - 3 Fault Detector發現Service異狀示意圖 25
圖 4 - 4 Logging機制示意圖 27
圖 4 - 5 Recovery機制運作示意圖 27
圖 4 - 6 Checkpointing 運作邏輯示意圖 28
圖 4 - 7 Client Transparent 搭配 WSG 使用示意圖 29
圖 4 - 8 Service註冊與容錯系統之互動時序圖 30
圖 4 - 9 Primary Service Crash時序圖 31
圖 4 - 10 Primary Service Recovery時序圖 32
圖 4 - 11 Checkpointing時序圖 33
圖 5 - 1 Apache Axis Work Flow示意圖 37
圖 5 - 2 Logging機制實做於Apache Axis 41
圖 5 - 3 FT-SOAP Architecture 44
圖 5 - 4 Logging Experiment Scenario 45
圖 5 - 5 Logging Experiment X,Y分佈圖 46
圖 5 - 6 Checkpointing Scenaior 47
圖 5 - 7 Checkpointing Experiment X,Y分佈圖 48
圖 5 - 8 Fault Detection Scenario 49
圖 5 - 9 Fault Detection Overhead X,Y分佈圖 50
表5 - 1 容錯系統成員列表 36
表5 - 2 Logging Experiment Result 46
表5 - 3 Checkpointing Experiment Result 48
表5 - 4 Fault Detection Experiment Result 49

[ACM01] “Fine Grained Access Control for SOAP E-Services” by Ernesto Damiani, Sabrina De Capitani di Vimercati, Stefano Paraboschi, Pierangela Samariti, ACM 1-58113-348-0/01/0005
[Apache02] Apache Tomcat Project, http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/index.html
[AT01] “Client-Transparent Fault-Tolerant Web Service,” by Navid Aghdaie and Yuval Tamir, 20th IEEE International Performance, Computing, and Communications Conference, Phoenix, AZ, pp. 209-216 (April 2001).
[AXIS02] Apache Axis Project, http://ws.apache.org/axis/index.html
[CHI01] John Chirillo, Hack attacks denied - a complete guide to network lockdown, 2001.
[CHY+98] DCOM and CORBA: Side by Side, Step by Step, and Layer by Layer, , P.E. Chung, Y. Huang, S. Yajnik, D. Liang, J. Shih, C.-Y. Wang, and Y.-M. Wang
[DMM+02] “Transparent Fault Tolerant for Web Services based Architectures” by Vijay Dialani, Simon Miles, Luc Moreau, David De Roure, and Michael Luck. In Eighth International Europar Conference (EURO-PAR''02), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Padeborn, Germany, August 2002. Springer-Verlag.
[HIL+98] Fault Tolerant CORBA using Entity Redundancy, Highlander Communication(L.C.) , Inprise Corporation, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Lucent Technologies, Academia Sinica(Taiwan)
[HKH93] Software Implemented Fault Tolerance: Technologies and Experience, Yennun Huang and Chandra Kintala, AT&T Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, NJ 07974
[HYLS98] DOORS: Providing Fault Tolerance for CORBA Applications, P. Emerald Chung, Yennun Huang, Shalini Yajnik, Deron Liang, and Joanne Shih
[IBM02] Visual Age for Java, http://www7b.software.ibm.com/wsdd/zones/vajava/
[ITPro01a] “SOAP Cleans up Interoperability Problems on the Web” by Tom Jepsen, P52~P55, IT Pro January|February 2001; 1520-9202/01/$10 ©2001 IEEE
[ITPro01b] “Cross-Platform Integration with XML and SOAP” by Timothy M. Chester, IT Pro September|October 2001; 1520-9202/01/$10 ©2001 IEEE
[LCY98] A fault-tolerant object service in the OMG’s object management architecture, Deron Liang, S.C. Chou, S.M. Yuan
[LFY+99] A fault-tolerant object service on CORBA, D. Liang, C.-L. Fang, S.-M. Yuan, C. Chen, G.E. Jan
[LYL95] Design and implementation of Moony: a fault tolerant distributed shared memory system, Yen-Wen Lin, Shyan-Ming Yuan, and Deron Liang
[MSFT] http://www.microsoft.com
[MSFT01a] http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/hpc/soap.asp
[MSFT01b] http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/dnwebsrv/html/ wsdlexplained.asp?frame=true
[MSFT01c] http://uddi.microsoft.com/about/default.aspx
[MySQL02] MySQL, http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql-3.23.html
[OMG] http://www.omg.org/
[OMG02] Fault Tolerant CORBA Spec. http://www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?formal/02-06-27
[SUN02] J2SDK v1.4.1, http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/index.html
[UDDI01] UDDI standards, http://www.uddi.org/whitepapers.html
[W3C00] http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP/
[W3C01] W3C WSDL Spec., http://www.w3c.org/TR/wsdl
[W3C02a] http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/CR-soap12-part0-20021219/
[W3C02b] http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/CR-soap12-part1-20021219/
[W3C02c] http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/CR-soap12-part2-20021219/
[WROX02] AXIS: Next Generation Java SOAP, Romin Irani, S. Jeelani Basha, ISBN:1-861007-15-9, WROX PRESS INC.,
[XML03] XML protocol working group, http://www.w3.org/XML/#wgs