臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

工業上有許多分離物質的方法。然而，由於受限於某些原因，大部分的方法無於分離
同位素或一般方法難於分離的物質。熱擴散法是一種適於分離同位素及一般方法難於
分離的物質，且熱擴散法更相當適合分離普通方法不易分離之高價物質。近年來各種
不同形式之改良型熱擴散塔相繼被發展出來，其分離的效率遠高於Clusius-Dickel原
型塔。由於單一熱擴散管之分離度相當有限，在工業上並不實用，因此，工業上分離
重水大多採取多級塔之形式。 Frazier曾經提出將熱擴散塔串聯成一多級塔，甚至曾
以這種設計去分離潤滑油。　
本文主要探討流率比對於熱擴散塔提煉重水效率之影響，藉重水之傳送公式及平衡關
係，推導連續式及 Frazier式熱擴散塔提煉重水的分離度公式。並藉由理論計算進行
實驗，而實驗則在不同的流率比值下進行，實驗所得結果與理論推測值相當符合。而
由結果顯示，藉由控制適當之流率比值可有效降低混合效應並獲得相當高之分離度提
高率。

There are many methods to separate material in the industry. However,
the most of these methods are hard to separate the isotopes or the
materials that can not separate by these methods. Thermal diffusion is
well-established method for separating isotopes. The method of thermal
diffusion is compatible to the separation of highly valuable materials
that are difficult or impossible to separate by other means. Recently,
several improved thermal diffusion columns have been developed. The
enrichments obtained from these columns are much better than the basic
of Clusius-Dickel one. Frazier proposed a scheme to connect thermodiffusion
columns in which the sampling straems do not pass through but move outside
the columns. This scheme has been employed for producing lubricating oil.
　The separation of flow-rate ratio for the enrichment of heavy water in
the continuous-type and Frazier Scheme thermal diffusion column has been
derived.The experimental works for various flow-rate ratio of heavy water
system have been also conducted the results quantitatively confirm with
the prediction of the theory. It was shown that the undesirable remixing
effect could be effectively reduced by controlling flow-rate ratio and a
substantial improvement in separation efficiency attained.