臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文研究目的，為在使用光感測器測量PPG訊號時，分析訊號特徵。雖然光感測器便於使用，但是訊號的品質時常受到雜訊與運動偽訊的影響。因此，知道PPG訊號在不同情況下的特徵是十分重要的。
PPG訊號可以用不同波長的光感測器量得，本論文使用了三種波長的LED做實驗，包括綠光(525 nm)、紅光(660 nm)、紅外光(950 nm)。不同波長的光有不同的穿透深度，且血管與微血管的分佈在每個感測部位也會不同；另外，不同的膚色對不同光線的波長有特定的吸收度。實驗設計尋找光線波長與量測部位的關聯，心率資訊由PPG訊號經過傅立葉轉換後，最大波峰對應的頻率得知。
實驗結果得知紅外線感測器在所有量測位置都有最強的訊號，膚色較深之人會造成訊號強度的減弱，運動前後的峰值位置變化可以明顯的看出來。除此之外，運動偽訊在頻域訊號也能被觀察到，每位受試者的訊號強度在運動後皆會減弱。

This thesis serves to find the characteristics of light sensors for PPG sensing. Though the light sensors are convenient to employ, the quality of the PPG signal is usually affected by noises and motion artifacts. Therefore, it is essential to know the PPG signal features under different conditions.
The PPG signal can be obtained by light sensors of different wavelengths; this study uses three kinds of LEDs to implement for examination, including green (525 nm), red (660 nm), infrared (950 nm) lights. The penetration depth varies with respect to wavelengths, the distribution of blood vessels and capillaries is different for each measurement site. Moreover, different skin colors have distinct absorption of light wavelengths. Experiments are designed to examine the relationship between light wavelengths and measurement sites. Heart rate information is deduced by Fourier transform; the frequency of the highest peak indicates the subject’s heart rate.
The experimental results show that the infrared light emitting diode provides the strongest signal magnitude among all measurement sites. The subject who has deep color skin causes reduction on the signal magnitude. The changes of the highest peak position is visible before and after physical exercise. Furthermore, the motion artifact can be evidently observed in the frequency domain. The magnitude decreases after exercise for each subject.

摘要 I
Extended Abstract II
致謝 VIII
目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XIV
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機與目的 3
1.3研究目標 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1光體積描記法原理 6
2.2 LED的選擇與感測位置 7
2.2運動偽訊與雜訊的消除 11
2.3 心率的計算 13
第三章 系統建構 16
3.1 感測器 16
3.2 驅動與接收電路 18
3.3光電晶體與光二極體比較 21
3.4 ADC Converter 與資料傳輸 22
3.5 序列埠通訊軟體 24
3.6 頻譜分析 24
第四章 結果與討論 25
4.1 驅動頻率與占空比 25
4.2 位置對應波長的訊號強度 26
4.3膚色對應波長的訊號強度 28
4.4 移動狀態 32
4.5 心率的變化 34
4.6 運動前後訊號強度差異 35
第五章 結論與建議 39
5.1 結論 39
5.2 建議 39
參考文獻 41

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