臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

運動健康信念與運動行為之關係研究
─以運動健康信念模式探討中老年人的運動行為
摘 要
本研究之主要目的是以Becker & Maiman(1975)所提出之健康信念模式(HBM)為基本架構，探討中老年人參與運動的健康信念。本研究以新竹縣地區233位中老年人為受試對象，共有男性111位，女性122參與本次研究。
所使用的研究工具有「運動健康信念量表」、「規律運動行為問卷」和「RPE量表」。所得資料分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關和多元同時迴歸等統計方法進行分析。本研究所得結果如下：
一、中老年人從事運動的現況
中老年人所從事的運動類型以體適能的類型居多，在規律運動行為方面，新竹縣地區的中老年人整體上是不足的。
二、比較不同背景因素的中老年人在運動參與程度的差異
中老年人運動參與程度不會因性別差異而有所不同。另一方面，不同家庭型態的中老年人，在運動參與程度上也都沒有差異存在。
三、比較不同背景因素的中老年人在運動健康信念的差異
在性別方面，女性知覺運動利益高於男性且達顯著差異。在不同家庭型態方面，各組均無達顯著水準。不同教育水準有行動線索和採納建議持續從事運動的可能性會因為教育程度不同而有差異存在。
四、探討運動健康信念對中老年人運動參與程度的影響
在運動障礙方面，與運動參與程度呈顯著的負相關。運動健康信念對於運動參與程度之聯合預測力為15%並且達顯著水準。
五、比較有無從事規律運動行為在運動健康信念的差異
規律運動行為之有無在知覺運動利益、知覺運動障礙兩構面因素有明顯差異存在。
本研究除了對所得的結果作解釋外，並對研究結果的應用加以討論。同時，也對未來研究提出一些建議。

Relationship between Exercise Health Belief and Exercise Behavior─Take Exercise Health Belief Model to Explore Exercise Behavior on the Aged Population
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this study was to take exercise health belief model to explore exercise behavior on the aged population. The subjects of this study sampled 233 aged adults (males=111, females=122) in Hsinchu area.
The instruments administered to the subjects were exercise health belief inventory, used-to-exercise questionary, and RPE inventory. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple simulta-neous regression analysis. The results of this study were described as flowing:
1. The current condition on the exercise participation of the aged. The physical fitness is more than other ones in many exercise types for the aged. Totally speaking, the frequency and duration in the used-to-exercise are not enough for the aged in Hsinchu area.
2. To compare the different degree of exercise participation and the background on the aged population. There were no significant difference of exercise participation between male and female aged population, and there were no significant difference among different family style.
3. To compare the different between background and exercise health belief. There were significant difference of perceived exercise benefit between male and female but no significant difference among different family style. There were significant difference of cues to action and the likelihood of taking recommended action among different education level.
4. The influence of exercise health belief on the degree of exercise participation. There were negative correlation between perceived exercise barriers and the degree of exercise participation. Exercise health belief could significantly predict the exercise participation.
5. To compare the different between used/unused-to-exercise group and exercise health belief. There were significant difference of testes of perceived exercise benefits and perceived exercise barriers.
Explanation of the findings were offered, and applications of the study were discussed. Finally, some suggestions for future studies were identified and discussed.

目 錄
第一章 緒 論﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍1
第一節 研究動機﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍1
第二節 研究目的﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍6
第三節 研究問題﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍7
第四節 名詞解釋﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍7
第二章 文 獻 探 討﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍10
第一節 中老年人的社會心理與預防性健康行為﹍﹍﹍﹍10
第二節 中老年人運動行為的測量﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍16
第三節 健康信念模式的理論基礎﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍20
第四節 運動健康信念與中老年人運動行為的研究﹍﹍﹍28
第五節 研究假設﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍33
第三章 研 究 方 法﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍37
第一節 研究架構﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍37
第二節 研究對象﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍38
第三節 研究工具﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍39
第四節 研究流程﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍51
第五節 資料處理﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍53
第四章 結 果 與 討 論﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍54
第一節 中老年人參與規律運動的現況﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍54
第二節 比較中老年人運動參與程度的差異﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍57
第三節 比較中老年人在運動健康信念的差異﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍61
第四節 中老年人運動健康信念與運動行為之關係﹍﹍﹍67
第五節 中老年人從事規律運動之有無在運動健康信念之比較﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍71
第五章 結 論 與 建 議﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍81
第一節 結論﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍81
第二節 建議﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍82
參 考 文 獻﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍87
附 錄﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍99
附錄一：開放性問卷﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍99
附錄二：運動健康信念預試量表﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍101
附錄三：運動健康信念正式量表﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍106

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