臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目前MP3播放器大都是採用DSP微處理器來進行原音重建，屬於以軟體達成即時播放的目的，其主要優點是彈性空間較大，但相對要求較高效能的DSP微處理器，因而增加建置硬體時的成本。另一方面，如改用ASIC(Application Specified Integrated Circuit)實現MP3，其開發費用必然比前者高出甚多，且需求較大的晶片面積。因此，為了有效提供一個較低的設計及實現成本，以及調和前述兩種實現方式的優點，在本論文中，我們採用軟硬體共同設計(HW/SW Codesign)的概念去完成一個MP3解碼器，其原則為先找出整個MP3解碼過程中，如運算量花費較多的部分就由ASIC實現，其餘工作就交由一個低階的微處理器負責。基於前述的原則及由運算量的統計分析，我們選定「反轉修正式離散餘弦轉換(Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform, IMDCT)」與「多相位合成濾波頻帶(Polyphase Synthesis Filterband, PSF)」使用ASIC方式實現，同時為了有效降低這兩個模組的硬體成本，我們導入「座標軸旋轉數位計算機(CORDIC)」及合併運算方式取代原始算術運算，使得新的計算式有效降低原IMDCT約74%之乘法及約49%加法運算，而在多相位合成濾波頻帶的反離散餘弦轉換也有降低約33.4%之乘法及約24.6%之加法運算。另外我們所設計的硬體架構具規則性及可模組化，因此有利於未來的ASIC實現。

Generally, MP3 players usually employ DSP microprocessors for the original audio reconstruction, which are based on a software-oriented approach. Its major advantage on design is flexible, but it requires a high-performance DSP microprocessor. On the other hand, if we use ASIC chips to implement MP3 decoding, its development cost is expensive and its chip area is larger. Therefore, in this thesis, we adopt a HW/SW codesign methodology to design MP3 decoding. This methodology provides a low-cost hardware design and keeps the advantages of the foregoing ways. This also makes a lower-performance microprocessor necessary. Based on the foregoing strategy, we choose Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (IMDCT) and Polyphase Synthesis Filterband (PSF) of the MP3 decoder by an ASIC implementation. Moreover, to further reduce the hardware cost, we use CORDIC-based calculations and merging some arithmetic operations to replace the original ones of IMDCT and PSF. Therefore, the whole calculations can be effectively reduced by about 74% for multiplication and by about 49% for addition for IMDCT, and lower the multiplication by about 33% and the addition operation by about 25% for PSF.

中文摘要 i
目錄 iii
圖表目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 簡介 1
第二章 MPEG-1 Layer III解碼原理 4
2-1 MP3位元串格式(Bitstream Format) 4
2-2 標頭檔(Header) 5
2-3 旁資訊(Side Information) 8
2-4 主要資料(Main Data) 9
2-5 霍夫曼解碼(Huffman Decoding) 10
2-6 反量化(Dequantizer) 12
2-7 重新排列(Reordering) 13
2-8 聯合立體聲的處理(Joint Stereo) 13
2-9 消除交疊現象(Alias Reduction) 14
2-10 反轉修正式離散餘弦轉換 16
2-11 重疊相加(Overlap-Add) 18
2-12 多相位合成濾波頻帶(Polyphase Synthesis Filterbank) 19
第三章 座標軸旋轉數位計算機 21
3-1 CORDIC演算法簡介 21
3-2 利用非疊代式雙重角度CORDIC 23
第四章 MP3軟硬體共同設計 26
4-1 反轉修正式離散餘弦轉換的硬體架構 28
4-2 多相位合成濾波頻帶的硬體架構 35
4-3 模擬結果與分析 41
4-4 晶片佈局圖 44
參考文獻 47
附錄A 50
附錄B 53

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