臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

離網電力系統已經成為一種越來越普及化的電力供應系統，且特別適用於鄉村或偏遠地區。此電力系統最大的特性乃是提供具有可靠性、可持續性用電，並同時兼顧環境保護的目的。混合再生能源模型可以包含多種的零組件，並從不同的發電方式獲取能量，因此，此電力系統擁有許多設計的組合比例。除了以往僅使用傳統柴油發電機的發電設計，藉由加入不同再生能源的發電方式，例如加入風能、太陽能和儲能系統等，可以用來產出額外的電能，不但可以提升整個電力系統的可靠性，也可以減少燃料消耗，降低發電的成本，同時也降低了溫室氣體的排放。在這項研究中，主要採用太陽能板、柴油發電機、風力發電機、電池和電能轉換器，用來設計於一個在菲律賓小島BASCO的電力系統中。此項研究使用HOMER軟體模擬出不同電力系統設計的方案，並找出最佳化的組合和結果。風能和太陽能的發電被分析出是主要提供負載需求或為電池充電的能量來源。當設計這套電力系統的模組時，須根據電力負載量、氣候數據、發電零件的成本等其他參數而設計，達到降低淨現值成本（NPC）的目的，另一方面也許要顧慮到設備的取得性和適用性。結果模擬出幾個不同最佳化後的設計方案，以滿足研究區域的微電網系統的要求。

The off-grid hybrid power system has been more and more popular for the supply of electric power to some rural and remote areas. The power system requires reliability, sustainability and environmental friendly features though it is far from the grid. Hybrid renewable model could include several components and exploits energy from different resources. It might be combinations of hybrid power system design. Based on the renewable sources like wind and solar and combining with the conventional diesel generator and battery storage system could not only provide the additional energy source to improve system reliability, but also decrease fuel consumption to reduce energy cost and lower the greenhouse gas emission. In this study, solar panels, diesel generators, wind turbines, battery bank and converters are proposed to design hybrid power system in BASCO, Philippines. In this study, HOMER is adopted to design for the hybrid power system and simulate different scenarios for optimal system installation. Wind and solar energies are considered as the main sources to supply the loading demand or to charge the battery bank as the excess electric power being generated. When designing the models of this power system, the simulations and optimizations are carried based on loading demand, climatic data, price and efficiency of the power components and other parameters for which the net present cost (NPC) has to be minimized on feasibility and availability. The results have obtained that several optimal design options being adoptable to meet the micro-grid system requirements in the studied area.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
List of Figures VII
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Background Information 2
1.3 Scope of Research 5
1.4 Literature survey 6
1.5 Main idea 6
Chapter 2 Technologies 8
2.1 Wind turbine 8
2.1.1 Basic Mechanisms of Wind Turbine 9
2.1.2 Energy and power in the wind 13
2.2 Solar Photovoltaic Systems 18
2.2.1 Types of Photovoltaic Cells 19
2.2.2 Installation Methods of PV modules 20
2.2.3 Mathematical model of PV generation 23
2.3 Diesel-fuel Generator 23
2.4 Converters 26
2.5 Energy Storage system 28
2.5.1 Selection Criteria of Energy Storages System 28
2.5.2 Battery Bank 32
Chapter 3 Configuration Hybrid Power System 34
3.1 Classification of Hybrid Power System Configuration 35
3.2 AC-Coupled Hybrid Power Systems 35
3.3 DC-Coupled Hybrid Power Systems 37
3.4 AC/DC-Coupled Hybrid Power Systems 39
3.5 Overview of HOMER Software 41
Chapter 4 Simulation Inputs of Hybrid Power System 44
4.1 Loading Demand Input 45
4.2 Solar Energy Resource Input 48
4.4 Cost Data and Specifications of Each Component Input 50
4.4.1 Input of PV Panel Specification ＆ Cost 51
4.4.2 Input of Wind Turbine Specification ＆ Cost 52
4.4.3 Input of Battery bank Specification ＆ Cost 53
4.4.4 Input of Diesel Generator Specification ＆ Cost 54
4.4.5 Input of Converter Specification ＆ Cost 55
4.5 Economic Inputs 56
4.6 Constraint Inputs 57
4.7 Emission and System Control Parameters Input 57
4.8 The Input Size of Each Component in the Search Space 58
4.9 Sensitivity Variables Input 59
Chapter 5 Results and Analyses 61
5.1 Systems Optimization and Different Scenarios 61
5.2 Comparison of Each Scenario 62
5.3 Sensitive Analysis 79
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Prospect 86
6.1 Conclusion 86
6.2 Prospect 87
References 88

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