臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

存貨管制為現代企業管理中生產計畫的重要課題。而在近年來，有關於損耗性物料的存貨管制問題普遍受到重視。由於這些物料和產品具有一旦納入儲存之後，其品質功效即開始產生損耗退化的效應，因此往往使得廠商在擬定存貨管制策略的困難度大為提高。
但現有的損耗性物料存貨模式，多數僅考慮損耗率為固定比率的情況，面對各種物料不同的損耗現象已不敷所需。因此，本研究的研究目的在於建構一套適用範圍廣且較其他現有模式更貼近實際情況的損耗性物料存貨模式。而在模式的建構方面，本研究是以損耗率為韋伯分配之損耗性物料為研究對象，至於物料的需求變動則是涵蓋了目前時下研究所討論的線性遞增或遞減以及指數遞增或遞減等四種需求形態，同時在補貨週期的假設方面，也從各個補貨週期固定一致的假設放寬為可彈性調整。除此之外，對於物料短缺的處理方式，本研究採用「部份欠撥補貨」（partial backlogging）的觀念。將現實生活中「顧客因遭逢產品短缺而可能放棄購買」的因素納入模式考慮，使得本模式更為完整。
然而，在針對諸多限制條件放寬之後，模式求解計算的複雜度也跟著大為提高。為此，本研究依照模式滿足總成本函數最小之必要條件具有「在給定初始值 後，其餘 便可相繼遞迴求解」的特性，提出一套求解步驟，藉由數學軟體Matlab的幫助，以找出滿足總成本最小之補貨時機以及其相對補貨量。

第一章緒論 1
1.1研究動機 2
1.2研究目的 5
1.3研究方法 6
1.4研究架構與流程 7
第二章文獻探討 8
2.1存貨模式概述 8
2.2存貨模式與存貨問題分類 9
2.2.1存貨模式的分類 9
2.2.2存貨問題的分類 10
2.3損耗性物料介紹 13
2.3.1損耗的定義 13
2.3.2損耗性物料的特性 13
2.3.3損耗性產品的分類 14
2.4相關存貨模式文獻回顧 16
2.4.1一般性物料之存貨訂購模式探討 16
2.4.2損耗性物料之存貨訂購模式探討 18
第三章數學模式建構 29
3.1模式基本假設 29
3.2符號定義說明 31
3.3模式推導 35
第四章數學實例演算 49
第五章結論與未來研究方向 54
5.1結論 54
5.2未來研究方向 55
參考文獻 57
附錄：Matlab電腦程式碼範例 63

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