臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著物聯網的發展，各家廠商發展出各式獨特的感測設備，導致大量感測服務的要求湧入雲端伺服器，其中不僅缺乏了統一標準，各企業之間的伺服器與應用程式也都使用著不同的通訊協定。甚至部份的設備需要倚靠電池來供應所需要的電源，當電池沒有電的時候，即失去那個監測範圍內的數值。
有鑑於此，本論文提出一「基於oneM2M標準之物聯網節能中介平台」，其中設計了(1) IoT傳輸協定管理機制(Transfer Protocol Management Mechanism, TPMM)、(2) 避免重覆傳送控制機制(Dynamic Duplication Avoidance Transmission Control Mechanism, D^2 ATC)、及(3) 動態電力調適機制。導入oneM2M國際標準來解決異質性通訊協定的問題，以MQTT、CoAP、HTTP通訊協定加強平台擴增性。再透過所建置的感測器頻率表結合ETag技術來解決使用者重覆要求服務，而造成的網路重傳成本。最後，根據資訊品質(Quality of information)、重疊範圍(Conflict factor)、感測器電力(Battery level)、偏差系數(Coefficient of Variation)來調整感測器睡眠間隔，在保持感測器耗能和資訊品質之間權衡的情況下，有效率地延長感測器生命週期(Life Cycle)。
根據上述，進行了三部份的效能分析：(1)感測器電力生命週期、(2) 服務往返時間、(3)網路封包量。由分析結果顯示，本論文所設計的機制可以有效率的延長感測器之生命週期，比N.Kuar的方法延長約25.37%的電力；比睡眠時間為固定30分鐘的方法延遲約37.67%的電力，同時減少伺服器重覆傳送時的封包量約60%，有效地降低網路傳送成本；並且瞭解到MQTT通訊協定於物聯網環境中的字串與影像傳送速度皆優於CoAP、HTTP通訊協定。

With the development Internet of things (IoT), various manufacturers developed a variety of unique sensing device, resulting in a large number of requirements for sensing data and request into the cloud server. This is not only the lack of uniform standard, servers and applications used by businesses are also using a different protocol. Most of the device needs to rely on batteries to supply the required power, when the battery is not charged when loses value within the scope of monitoring.
Hence, this study designs a 「An Energy Saving IOT Middleware Based on oneM2M Standard : Design and Implementation」, which is designed (1) Transfer Protocol Management Mechanism (TPMM), (2) Dynamic Duplication Avoidance Transmission Control mechanism (D^2 ATC) and (3) Dynamic Power Adjustment Mechanism. Import oneM2M standard to solve the problem of heterogeneous protocol to MQTT, CoAP and HTTP protocol to increase the platform amplifying. The ETag technology combined with the frequency table of sensors to solve the user repeat the requirements of service, caused by retransmission network costs. Finally, according to the quality of information, conflict factor, battery level, and coefficient of variation to adjust the sleep interval, and energy consumption while maintaining sensor the case of trade-off between the quality of information, and efficiently extend sensor life cycle.
According to the above, it was three parts of analysis: (1) sensor life cycle, (2) service round-trip time (3) the amount of network packets. The results show the mechanism can efficiently prolong sensor life cycle, extended by about 25.37% of electricity than N.Kuar methods. Sensor of sleep time is 30 minutes at a delay of about 37.67% of the method of electricity, while reducing the servo it is repeated about 60% packet transmission time, effectively reduce network transmission cost. MQTT protocol for IoT environment to string and image transfer speed are superior to CoAP, HTTP protocol.

摘 要 I
Abstract III
謝 誌 V
目 錄 VI
圖 索 引 VIII
表 索 引 XI
1. 緒論 1
1.1. 研究背景與動機 1
1.2. 研究目的與方法 2
1.3. 論文架構 3
2. 技術背景與文獻探討 5
2.1. 物聯網(Internet of Thing, IoT) 5
2.2. oneM2M標準 9
2.3. 感測器耗電量控制 11
2.4. 應用層通訊協定(Protocol) 14
2.4.1. HTTP通訊協定 14
2.4.2. MQTT通訊協定 19
2.4.3. CoAP通訊協定 22
2.4.4. 小結 23
3. 研究架構與方法 25
3.1. 研究問題定義 25
3.2. 系統架構設計 25
3.3. 物聯網節能中介平台研究架構 27
3.3.1. 建置一基於oneM2M標準之IoT傳輸協定管理機制 27
3.3.2. 避免重覆傳送控制機制 30
3.3.3. 動態電力調適機制 36
3.4. 系統服務整體流程 44
4. 效能分析與系統實作 47
4.1. 系統實作 47
4.1.1. 感知網路之異質感測閘道器實作 51
4.1.2. OM2M服務處理伺服器 55
4.1.3. 動態電力調適機制 58
4.1.4. 使用者介面設計 60
4.2. 效能分析 63
4.2.1. 感測器電力生命週期 63
4.2.2. 服務往返時間(Round-Trip Time) 66
4.2.3. 網路封包量 75
5. 結論 81
參考文獻 84
作者簡介 88

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