臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國內糖尿病死亡率急速增加，足見其嚴重性及對國人健康之威脅。本研究目的在明瞭糖尿病患者自我照顧行為現況及障礙, 並探討健康信念與社會支持對自我照顧行為與血糖控制的相關性。本研究採立意取樣, 針對某醫學中心新陳代謝科之122位非胰島素依賴型糖尿病患者，以以問卷面對面訪談收集資料。
研究結果：(一)有一半患者的體重超重，血糖控制狀況不良者佔9﹪在健康信念上大部分同意治療的有效性、且傾向同意疾病的嚴重性與罹患合併症的可能，中西醫信念則較偏向中立意見。而在社會支持上的得分以情感性支持最高，其次為訊息性支持、參與性支持最低。自我照顧行為方面，皆能經常到總是地執行藥物治療與飲食控制。(二)不同年齡、職業的病人在飲食行為上呈現顯著的差異；不同的職業、治療方式在服藥行為上呈現顯著的差異；不同的職業在運動行為上呈現顯著的差異(三)健康信念、社會支持皆與自我照顧行為呈正相關；而自我照顧行為與血糖控制狀況呈負相關(四)預測糖尿病自我照顧行為的重要變項為職業、嚴重性認知、障礙性認知與訊息性支持(五)曾經採中醫治療者佔42.6% ，患者採用的觀點以想試試看、沒副作用、中藥藥性溫和、為補強身體最多(六)自我照顧於飲食方面最大困境是自我克制,其次是對食物的認知缺乏； 藥物方面以打針會痛、忘記吃藥、外出攜藥不便為最多； 而運動方面最主要為沒時間運動、其次是氣候、懶惰、運動後不舒服。
本研究結果有助於瞭解非胰島素依賴型糖尿病患者健康信念、社會支持現況與自我照顧的困境。研究發現對護理教育及護理實務均有重要的參考價值。

The diabetes mellitus has became a major disease threatening the health of people in ocncern of the increasing motality rate. The purpose of the study was to investigate the status and problems of patients''self-care,and the correlation of health belief and social support to the self-care and diabetic control.122 patients were selected from the metabolic OPD of a medical center by purposive sampling. the deta were collected via face to face semi-structured interviews.
The results reveals that:1)Half of the patients were over-weighted the blood sugar control was poor in 9% of the patients.As to the health belief,most patients agree with the effectiveness of treatment.the severity of the disease, and the possibility of having complication.
Most patients had neutral attitude towards traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.As to social support,the emotional support was the highest.2)The patient''s age and occupation were statistically different with diatery control.Occupation and modes of treatment were significant
associate with medication behavior.Havig/having not occupation influence the patieht''s exercise behavior.3)There was a positive correlation of health belief and social support to self-care, a negtive correlation of self-care to blood sugar control.4)Occupation, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and information support were important variables to predict the self-care behavior of diabetics.5)42.6% of patients had received traditional Chinese medical treatment.6)The difficults in diatery control were self-control and poor recognition of food.The difficulties in medication behaviors were pain from injection, forgetting taking medication. and inconvenience in carring drugs.The main problems in exercise were having no time, poor weather,being lazy, and discomfort after exercise.
The study findings are helpful to the medical and nursing proffessionals to realize the health belief,social support and self-care of NIDDM.This study also provides important implications for nursing education and nursing practice.