臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

依據行政院環境保護署網站(Enviormental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, R.O.C., Taiwan)的統計提出綠色產品申請件數由1994年的100件以下上升至2010年的1200以上，由此可知全台灣產品已逐漸將產品導入綠化，為了提升產品，並令產品於製造過程中符合法規，整理出國際標準法規(The International Organization for Standardization, ISO)、歐盟(European Union, EU)三大環境指令及台灣環境法規提升綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商之印刷電路板產業評估。
本研究透過文獻整理建立綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估，運用模糊多目標評準決策模型 (Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making, FMCDM)，經過模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method , FDM)建立綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估5項構面16項指標、依獨立性來說模糊層級程序分析法(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, FAHP)綠色製造商較重視產品生產出來的品質(0.31)和汙染控制(0.22)、依相依性來說模糊決策實驗室分析法(Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, FDEMATEL)結合網絡程序分析法(Analytic Network Proces, ANP) 運算後發現綠色製造商較重視環境管理(0.1966)和綠色競爭(0.1927)。
最後運用折衷排序法 (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje, VIKOR) 妥協解的概念運算出，綠色供應商評選出綠色供應商元件(設備機台、原物料和備品)中，加入參數值v=0.5時，綠色製造商評價由高至低分別為，原物料供應商(獨立性為0.39；相依性為0.31)，其次設備機台供應商(獨立性0.39；相依性0.37)，接著為備品供應商(獨立性為0.49；相依性為0.44)，依據研究結果顯示不管獨立性還是相依性部份，綠色製造商都一致認為備品供應商較頇作改善，本研究建議綠色供應商，由於內部管理會影響產品整體品質狀況，因此綠色製造商會依此來評估綠色供應商；對於後續研究者，可延伸至評估顧客端(如顧客服務)或金流或生產再製部份繼續探討。

Based on the statistical green products applications of Environmental Protection Administration Executive Yuan（R.O.C., Taiwan), they are rose by below 100 cases of 1994 to above 1200 cases of 2010, thus the entire Taiwan products have been inducted gradually into the green products , in order to be able to promote the products, and to make the products conform to the laws and regulations in the process of manufacture, for example : The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), European Union (EU) three environment instructions and Taiwan environment laws and regulations promotes under the green supply chain system of printed wiring board industry the green supplier appraisal.
This research the green supplier appraises by the literature reorganization establishment green supply chain system, utilizes Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM), after undergoing the operation discovered that utilizes Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM), under the FDM establishment green supply chain system the green supplier appraises 5 construction surface 16 targets, according to the index literatures for evaluating the green suppliers and applying the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) discovered the green manufacturer took the product manufacturing quality (0.31) and the contamination control (0.22), depends on the dependence, Fuzzy Decision Making Trial & Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) unifies the Analytic Network Proces (ANP) discovered that the green manufacturer takes the environmental management (0.1966) and the green competes (0.1927).
Finally the utilization of VlsekriterijumskaOptimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) in this study, it will be discussed that the Printed.Circuit Board
(PCB) company in this case study evaluates and assesses the performances of three typesof green suppliers (the suppliers of processing machine tools, the suppliers of raw materials and the suppliers of maintenance spare parts), when joins parameter value v=0.5, the green manufacturer appraisal respectively is from high to low, the original material supplier (the independence is 0.39; The dependence is 0.31), next equipment radio station suppliers (independence 0.39; The dependence 0.37), is the spare parts supplier (the independence is 0.49; The dependence is 0.44), no matter the basis findings demonstration the independence or the dependence part, the green manufacturer thought that the spare parts supplier must make the improvement. This research suggestion green supplier, because the internal management can affect the product overall quality condition, therefore the green manufacture chamber of commerce appraises the green supplier according to this; Regarding the following researcher, may extend to appraises the customer to carry (for example customer service) or cash flow or processing manufacture to continue to discuss.

目 錄

第一章 緒論
第一節研究背景與動機 ---------------------------------1
第二節研究目的 --------------------------------------2
第三節研究範圍與限制 ---------------------------------2
第四節研究流程 --------------------------------------3

第二章 綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商之相關研究
第一節印刷電路板簡介 ---------------------------------4
第二節綠色供應商指標相關法規 --------------------------5
第三節綠色供應商元件相關文獻 --------------------------6
第四節模糊多目標評準決策分析相關文獻 -------------------9

第三章 應用模糊多目標評準決策評估綠色供應鏈體
系下綠色供應商評估
第一節模糊德爾菲法(FDM)說明 --------------------------14
第二節模糊層級程序分析法(FAHP)說明 --------------------17
第三節模糊決策實驗室分析法結合網絡程序分析法(FDANP)說明 -19
第四節折衷排序法(VIKOR)說明 --------------------------22

第四章 實證分析
第一節模糊德爾菲法(FDM)分析 --------------------------25
第二節模糊層級程序分析法(FAHP)分析 --------------------29
第三節模糊決策實驗室分析法結合網絡程序分析法(FDANP)分析 --32
第四節折衷排序法(VIKOR)分析 --------------------------41

第五章 結論、貢獻與建議
第一節研究結論 ----------------------------------------44
第二節研究貢獻 ----------------------------------------45
第三節研究建議 ----------------------------------------46
參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------48
附錄

表 目 錄
表2-1印刷電路板產業里程碑 ---------------------------------4
表2-2綠色供應商元件相關文獻 -------------------------------8
表2-3模糊多目標評準決策分析相關文獻 ------------------------12
表3-1模糊德爾菲法專家問卷指標刪除說明表 --------------------16
表3-2運用80/20法則指標說明刪除表 --------------------------17
表3-3綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估FAHP構面A說明成對比較矩陣 -----18
表3-4綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估FAHP構面A說明矩陣模糊權重 -----18
表3-5綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面A說明FAHP解模糊化 --------19
表3-6綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面A說明FAHP正規化 ----------19
表3-7綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面A說明直接關係矩陣 ---------20
表3-8綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面A說明標準化直接關係矩陣 ----20
表3-9綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面A說明正規化 總影響關係矩陣---21
表3-10綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面解模糊 計算總影響關係矩陣B -21
表3-11綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面總帄均影響關係矩陣 --------22
表3-12綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面之綜合權重 ---------------22
表3-13綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估VIKOR原始說明數據 ------------23
表3-14綠色供應商評估折衷排序法說明Fs與Hs --------------------24
表3-15綠色供應商元件說明綜合權重Gs--------------------------24
表4-1模糊德爾菲法發放對象基本資料 --------------------------26
表4-2模糊德爾菲法專家問卷指標刪除表 ------------------------27
表4-3運用80/20法則指標刪除表 -----------------------------29
表4-4FAHP和VIKOR問卷發放對象基本資料 ---------------------30
表4-5綠色供應商評估FAHP隸屬函數的語言尺度 -----------------30
表4-6綠色供應商評估構面權重分析 --------------------------30
表4-7綠色供應商評估指標權重分析 --------------------------30
表4-8FDANP和VIKOR問卷發放對象基本資料 -------------------32
表4-9FDANP隸屬函數的語言尺度-----------------------------32
表4-10綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面滿意度與重視度 ---------32
表4-11綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估指標滿意度與重視度 ------33
表4-12綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估構面解模糊 計算總影響關係矩陣B ----35
表4-13綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估構面中心度與影響度關係 ---------------36
表4-14綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估指標解模糊 計算總影響關係矩陣B ------36
表4-15綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估指標中心度與影響度關係 -----------36
表4-16綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面總平均影響關係矩陣 --------------40
表4-17綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估指標總平均影響關係矩陣 -------------40
表4-18綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面與指標之綜合權重 ---------------40
表4-19綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商評估VIKOR原始16項數據 ------------41
表4-20綠色供應商評估折衷排序法之 與 -----------------------------42
表4-21綠色供應商元件綜合權重 --------------------------42


圖 目 錄
圖1-1研究流程架構圖 ------------------------------------3
圖3-1建立原始綠色供應鏈體系下綠色供應商指標 -15
圖3-2建立篩選綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估指標 -17
圖4-1建立綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估指標 -------25
圖4-2研究方法流程圖 ----------------------------------26
圖4-3綠色供應商評估構面權重分析 -------------------30
圖4-4綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估構面滿意度與重視度 ---------------33
圖4-5綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估指標滿意度與重視度 ----------------34
圖4-6綠色供應鏈下綠色供應商評估影響關係 -------38

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三、從網路引用的資料
（一）中文部分 BSI ISO 14001 環境管理系統：http://www.bsigroup.tw/zh-tw/Assessment-and-Certification-services/Management-Systems/Standards-and-Schemes/ISO-14001/
台灣電路板協會：http://www.tpca.org.tw/index.aspx?aspxerrorpath=/Client/IM/IMMarketList.aspx
行政院環境保護署(Enviormental Protection Administration Executive Yuan, R.O.C., Taiwan)統計資料：http://greenliving.epa.gov.tw/GreenLife/ 中華民國行政院環境保護署http://w3.epa.gov.tw/epalaw/index.aspx
教育部推動大專院校｢ISO 14001環境管理系統建制- ISO 14001系統精神與導入｣：http://environment.edu.tw/default.html
維基百科，自由地百科官方網站：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia
蔣天清(2009)，｢哥本哈根救氣候 主要碳排放國減碳目標｣，中央社：http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/091207/19/1we7z.html 經濟部智慧財產局http://www.tipo.gov.tw/ch/
（二）西文部分 ISO官方網站：http://www.iso.org/iso/standards_development/it_tools/iso_templates.htm
歐盟官方網站(European Commission): http://ec.europa.eu/environment/index_en.htm