臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

橋墩周圍之局部沖刷，若藉由橋墩上之分流裝置而分流，使直接衝擊河床之向下射流量減小，則可有效地改善或控制橋墩周圍之刷深，進而維護橋樑之安全。本研究參酌Kikkawa學者之理論，配合橋墩加分流裝置之構想，設計出九種橋墩模型，在固定之渠床坡度(s=0.01)、水深(h=9.3 )及河床質(d50=0.75mm)下，變化五種水流條件，進行清水流沖刷試驗。試驗結果發現圓頭相切形橋墩加裝分流裝置後，確能更有效減緩橋墩附近之最大沖刷深度、沖刷坑體積及沖刷範圍，是較佳的橋墩型式。

The local scour around the bridge pier can be effectively mitigated or controlled, and in turn, the safety of the bridge may be enhanced if the bridge pier is equipped with a diversion device to lessen the impinging downflow. This study used part of the Kikkawa theory and the innovative diversion device which has nine types of models to conduct various clear-water hydraulic tests under the conditions of fixed channel slop (s=0.01), water depth (h=9.3) and bed material (d50=0.75mm). It is found that the diversion device which is attached to the round-nose pier with tapered body is the most effective design to mitigate the maximum scour depth, the scour hole volume and the range of scour around the bridge pier.

目 錄
頁次
符號說明 Ⅰ
中文摘要 Ⅲ
英文摘要 Ⅳ
表目錄 Ⅴ
圖目錄 Ⅵ
照片目錄 Ⅷ
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻回顧 2
2-1橋墩邊壁上加裝置之研究 2
2-2流經橋墩水流型態之探討 4
2-3過去橋墩局部沖刷之研究 6
參、理論分析 11
3-1沿壁沖射流理論 11
3-2加套環之橋墩沖刷理論 18
肆、渠槽試驗 20
4-1試驗目的 20
4-2試驗設備與佈置 20
4-3試驗步驟 26
伍、結果分析與討論 30
5-1清水流試驗中橋墩沖刷行為之觀察 30
5-1-1沖刷範圍與淤積堆之變化 30
5-1-2橋墩周圍泥砂顆粒之運移 31
5-2清水流況下動床沖刷之試驗結果 33
5-2-1試驗條件 33
5-2-2試驗結果與分析 34
5-2-3最大沖刷深度及沖刷坑體積之減緩效率 47
5-3套環裝置及分流裝置之效用 51
5-3-1套環裝置之效用 51
5-3-2分流裝置之效用 52
陸、結論與建議 63
6-1結論 63
6-2建議 65
參考文獻 66

參考文獻
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