臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

ZigBee屬於短距離低速率傳輸的無線通訊技術，優勢在於網路擴展性佳、佈建網路環境容易。一般應用的方向包括防災感測、安全監控與自動化控制等，其傳輸資料的類型屬於非即時性資料。另外，也有研究團隊為了充分運用頻寬提出即時性語音多重跳躍(multi-hop)傳遞之應用。傳統ZigBee網路中終端裝置在基地台(協調器/路由器)的服務範圍內運作是可行的，但是當終端裝置在移動的狀態時，可能會移出基地台服務的範圍進入同步遺失狀態，此時正在傳輸之資訊將會被迫中斷與遺失。所以本論文在應用語音傳輸的環境下，提出換手的機制，使得終端裝置在移動狀態具有預防與偵測斷線之能力，以及提出預防乒乓(ping-pong)效應的換手決策，並能在多個適合換手的基地台中，選擇ZigBee深度最小及傳輸效率最好的基地台。在基地台方面也將提供導引終端裝置換手的能力，讓終端裝置能順利執行換手動作，因此可維持雙向即時語音訊息之傳輸。本論文最後利用NS-2網路模擬器進行環境模擬與數據分析討論。

ZigBee is a wireless communication technology for short distance with low data rate. Some advantages for ZigBee are like better network scalability and deployment network environment easy. Typical application for ZigBee includes precaution sensor, safety monitor, and automation control. The applications for ZigBee are usually low bitrate, non-real time transmission. In addition, some research teams have provided real time voice multi-hop mechanism for using bandwidth efficiently. The end devices can only work with their own Base Station (coordinator/ router). As the end devices go to the synchronization loss state, they will out of the link to their Base Station, terminate its data transmission and loss the message. Therefore, this paper provides the handoff procedure for this problem. Thus the mechanism make the end device detect, prevent breaking in moving situation and prevention ping-pong effect for the handoff decision-making. Besides, it can select the minimum ZigBee depth one with the best transmission efficiency in many suitable Base Stations of handoff. In the side of Base Station, it would guide the end device to handoff favorably to keep the transmission of originally real time voice. Finally, the paper simulated and analyzed by NS-2(Network Simulator).

摘要 I
Abstract II
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 相關背景研究 3
2.1 IEEE802.15.4/ ZigBee 標準概述 3
2.2 實體層(PHY) 3
2.3 媒介存取控制層(MAC) 4
2.3.1 超級訊框(Superframe) 4
2.3.2 資料傳送模式 5
2.3.3 MAC訊框格式 8
2.3.4 頻道搜尋 9
2.4 網路層(Network) 10
2.4.1 ZigBee網路的形成 11
2.4.2 ZigBee網路位址分配機制 11
2.4.3 ZigBee路由演算法 12
2.5 Handoff管理 14
2.5.1 Handoff基本概念 14
2.5.2 換手偵測（handoff detection) 15
2.5.3 無線電通道分配（channel assignment）17
2.5.4 無線電鏈結轉移（radio link transfer）17
第三章 研究方法 20
3.1 系統架構 20
3.2 ZigBee網路傳輸模式 21
3.3 換手(handoff)機制 23
3.3.1 換手偵測(handoff detection) 23
3.3.2 LQI(Link Quality Indication)與Link cost的關係 25
3.3.3 換手決策(handoff decision-making) 26
3.3.4 連結轉移(link transfer) 28
3.3.5 MAC command frame的規格 31
第四章 模擬環境與效能分析 33
4.1 ZigBee網路環境與佈建方式之規劃 33
4.2 模擬環境參數設定 36
4.3 模擬實驗之結果分析 36
4.3.1 測試項目一：終端裝置Handoff效能評估 37
4.3.2 測試項目二：handoff機制之整體系統效能評估 38
第五章 結論與未來工作方向 42
5.1 結論 42
5.2 未來工作方向 42
參考文獻 43

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