臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

火災現場的逃生黃金時間通常為1-3分鐘，所以必須掌握每一秒的時間，如何把握火場目前的即時狀況，是求生的人員最需要的訊息，而對於搜救人員來說，掌握火場內的即時狀況，不僅降低救援的困難度及危險性，並提升救援成功的機率及效率。
分散式智慧物聯網系統中，每一個物聯網設備可以分享自己收集的資料或資訊給整個物聯網系統中的物聯網閘道器或雲端，而更高端的物聯網閘道器及雲端可整合及分析這些資料及資訊，如任何一個物聯網閘道器及雲端經過推論得到結果後，可傳送至需要的物聯網本地端系統，做出智慧的動作。
本論文以分散式智慧的技術實做了一個火災救援物聯網系統，火災救援物聯網系統的本地端，包括了物聯網閘道器及許多的物聯網設備，並使用CoAP建立物聯網，再透過MQTT與雲端連結，我們的火災救援物聯網系統，可以反映火災現場內的即時狀況給受困人員及消防救災人員，我們的火災救援物聯網系統更可以提供有用的資訊給受困人員及救災人員，如受困者的位置以及人數等資訊，有效的降低搜救人員的搜救困難度及減少救援時間。

The “golden window” for escaping from fire is about one to three minutes only. Thus, every second for escaping or rescuing counts. For those people who trapped in fire, the most important thing to take actions is to know the current situation of the fire scene. For the rescue workers, understanding the fire scene situation may not only decreases the difficulty and dangerousness of rescue, but also increases the possibility and effectiveness of saving lives.
Distributed intelligence in IoT (Internet of Things) system is that every IoT devices may contribute their own data or information to the whole IoT system and more capable devices such as IoT gateways and Cloud system may collect, combine and analyze the information or data provided by those supervised IoT devices. Smart actions, then, can be deduced by either gateways or cloud system and intelligently distribute to the proper IoT nodes to take actions.
By using distributed intelligence, we implement a fire rescue IoT system. The fire rescue local IoT system, consisting of an IoT gateway with many IoT devices, is built by CoAP technology and these local IoT systems are connected by MQTT technology to the cloud. Our IoT rescue system can reflect the real time situation inside the fire scene to both the trapped persons and rescue firefighters. Our rescue IoT system allows the trapped persons as well as those rescue workers to understand the current situation of the fire scene. It also provides the proper information, such as locations and number of persons trapped in the fire, to the rescue workers so that the rescue efforts can be precise and effective.

目錄
誌謝 i
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第1章緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 預期貢獻 5
1.4論文結構 6
第2章 問題描述與解決方法 7
2.1如何得知火災的發生及發生地點 7
2.2 使用者如何可以得到火災的訊息 7
2.3受困者如何得知自己的位置 8
2.4受困人員如何獲得火場內有用的即時資訊 9
2.5救災人員如何得知火災的資訊 9
2.6 IoT Gateway如何與火災救援系統交換資料 10
第3章 背景知識 11
3.1專家系統 11
3.2 MQTT協定 13
3.3分散式系統 16
3.4 CoAP(Constrained Application Protocol)協定 18
3.5 Automatic Connection(自動連接技術) 18
3.6 Wi-Fi樹狀網路之物聯網設備自動串聯機制 18
3.7 IoT Gateway (閘道器) 19
3.8 IoT Device (設備) 20
3.9 火場逃生要領 20
3.10 救災要領 22
第4章 文獻探討 23
4.1相關研究 23
4.2 火災逃生系統比較 25
第5章 設計與實做 27
5.1系統架構 27
5.2 MQTT架構圖 28
5.3 Data Model 29
5.4系統流程 31
5.5 IoT Device動作流程 36
5.6 IoT Gateway動作流程 37
5.7 火災救援系統動作流程 39
5.8 APP動作流程 41
5.9 建立房間資料 45
第6章 研究成果 46
6.1系統建置 46
6.2 火災救援系統 47
6.3 APP 49
6.4救災人員用APP 51
6.5分散式智慧應用 52
第7章 結論與未來工作 54
7.1結論 54
7.2未來工作 54
參考文獻 56

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