臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

鋰電池具有高能量密度、操作電壓較高、無記憶效應等優點，加上製程技術成熟、外型較其他電池輕薄，各種電子產品幾乎都以鋰電池作為其電源供應，尤其在可攜式之電子產品，應用更是日益廣泛。目前鋰電池充電控制皆為定電流(CC)與定電壓(CV)充電，先用定電流充電後接著定電壓充電至全滿。鋰電池若長時間保持在高容量或者低容量的狀態，將會嚴重的損及電池壽命，這是使用者最常遇到的問題。而傳統串聯式架構並不能穩定控制充電之電流與電壓，造成充電時間拉長、效率下降等等缺點。本論文提出一個由直流至直流轉換器組成之雙鋰電池交互供電系統架構，能夠避免鋰電池長時間處於高電量或者低電量，延長電池使用壽命。同時能準確控制充電之電流，維持一定之充電效率，並且避免不當充電電流對電池之傷害。另外，本架構採用數位化控制，利用數位可程式化之優點，針對不同的電池可採用不同的充電電流或者充電配方，可使加速充電過程並且不影響充電效率。

第一章 序論 1
第二章 電池特性與直流至直流轉換器之介紹 4
2.1 降壓型直流至直流轉換器 4
2.2 升壓型直流至直流轉換器 5
2.3 脈衝寬度調變(PWM) 6
2.4 回授控制與頻率補償 7
2.4.1 降壓型直流至直流轉換器之小訊號分析 7
2.4.2 升壓型直流至直流轉換器之小訊號分析 8
2.5 數位控制之設計 9
2.5.1 補償器設計 10
2.5.2 數位脈衝寬度調變(DPWM) 11
2.6 充電效率 12
2.6.1 充電效率定義與解釋 12
2.6.2 實驗數據 14
2.6.3 結論 15
2.7 電池健康狀態 15
2.7.1 保存電量與健康狀態之關係 16
2.7.2 適當的電池使用方式 16
2.7 雙電池 16
第三章 雙電池電源供應器架構 18
3.1 雙電池切換機制與架構 20
3.2 充電電路 22
3.2.1 電路架構之決定 22
3.2.2 設計考量與方法 23
3.3 放電電路 30
3.3.1 電路架構之決定 30
3.3.2 設計考量與方法 30
3.4 Bypass轉換器 32
3.4.1 設計考量與方法 32
第四章 模擬與量測結果 34
4.1 充電電路 34
4.2 放電電路 37
4.3 Bypass轉換器 40
第五章 結論與未來發展 41
5.1 結論 41
5.2 未來發展 41
參考資料 42

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