臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用中解析度影像光譜儀 (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS)海表溫(sea surface temperature,SST)月氣候平均資料、日平均資料以及法國的AVISO(Archiving, Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic data)網站(http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/en/)海面高度異常值(Maps of Sea Level Anomalies, MSLA)月氣候平均資料、日平均資料，海表面絕對動力高度(Maps of Absolute Dynamic Topography , MADT)日平均資料，TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) / TMI (TRMM Microwave Imager)海表面溫度日平均資料，探討大小潮期間東海海表面特徵變化。藉由MODIS Terra月氣候平均資料可以看出東海海表溫度主要由西北往東南遞增。為瞭解海表溫在大小潮期間的變化情形，本研究計算海表面溫度差SSTD1(農曆初一與農曆初七的海表面溫度差值)與SSTD2(農曆十五與農曆二十二的海表面溫度差值)。結果顯示大小潮期間海表面溫度會受到潮汐的影響，夏季時東海、黃海交界海域小潮比大潮平均高0.68℃，長江外海域小潮平均比大潮高0.85℃。另外，在聖嬰年、反聖嬰年以及正常年間TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) / TMI (TRMM Microwave Imager)海表面溫度日平均資料與海面高度異常值日平均資料以及海表面絕對動力高度有很好的相關性，MSLA與TMI SST間的相關係數最高達0.92，MADT與TMI SST間的相關係數最高達0.91。東海與黃海主要是以半日潮為主的海域，其潮差週期為327.8小時，相當於14.77天的週期。與本研究在東海、黃海交界海域海表面溫度頻譜圖，的12~17天週期結果相符。聖嬰年，夏季大小潮期間，溫度差取絕對值平均3.4℃，平均比正常年的溫差大0.9℃，比反聖嬰年的溫差大0.1℃。長江外海海域海表面溫度頻譜圖，顯示出14~17天週期。長江流域受地形以及垂直混合作用影響，冷水湧升，大潮時造成潮差最大，反聖嬰年，溫度差取絕對值平均2℃，其平均溫差比聖嬰年與正常年約大0.1℃。

In this study, some data are used to discuss the sea surface characteristics in the East China Sea(ECS) between the spring tide and neap tide.They include the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST) monthly climatology data, daily data, Archiving Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic (AVISO, http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/en/) Maps of Sea Level Anomalies (MSLA) monthly climatology data, daily data, Maps of Absolute Dynamic Topography (MADT) daily data and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission/ TRMM Microwave Imager (TRMM/TMI) sea surface temperature (TMI SST) daily data. By using the MODIS Terra monthly climatology data images, we can see that the SST in the ECS increases spatially from northwest to southeast.In order to understand the variation of sea surface temperature during spring tidal and neap tidal, both the SSTD1 data (sea surface temperature difference between Lunar 1st and the Lunar 7th ), and SSTD2 data(sea surface temperature difference between Lunar 15th and Lunar 22nd) are calculated. The results show that MSLA and SST are affected by tidal action. In the Yellow Sea and East China Sea frontier region, neap tidal SST is higher than spring tidal SST with average 0.68℃. There is a high correlation among TRMM/TMI SST daily data、MADT daily data and MSLA daily data. The highest correlation coefficient between MSLA and TMI SST is 0.92; between MADT and TMI SST it reaches 0.91. The semidiurnal tide mainly dominates in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, and its maximum tidal range is 327.8 hours, a 14-day cycle. The spectrum image of Yellow Sea surface temperature shows the cycle is between 12 and 17 days, and it corresponds with the cycle of maximum tidal range. During the summer of El Niño year, between neap tide and spring tide, the absolute value of the average temperature difference is 3.4 ℃, about 0.9 ℃ more than it in the normal year, but 0.1 ℃ greater than it in La Niña year. Besides, according to the spectrum image of the ocean of eastern Yangtze River outlet, the cycle is between 14 and 17 days. Obviously, then ocean of eastern Yangtze River is so affected by the terrain and the vertical mixing that the cold water upwells, and it also causes the largest tidal range in the spring tide. In La Niña years, the absolute value of the temperature difference averages 2 ℃, about 0.1 ℃ more than it in El Niño and the normal years.

目錄
謝辭 I
摘要 II
ABSTRACT III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機與目的 1
1.2文獻回顧 1
1.3研究目的 3
第二章 研究區域與研究資料 4
2.1研究區域 4
2.2研究資料 4
2.2.1海表面溫度(Sea Surface Temperature, SST) 4
2.2.3衛星高度計資料(Satellite Altimeter Data) 5
第三章 研究方法 7
3.1月氣候平均資料 7
3.2 MODIS Terra海表面溫度差(Sea Surface Temperature Difference, SSTD) 7
3.3溫度梯度圖(Gradient Magnitude Map,GM) 8
3.4海洋聖嬰指標 8
3.5日平均資料 8
3.6快速傅立葉轉換(Fast Fourier Transform, FFT) 9
第四章 結果與討論 11
4.1東海、黃海海域 11
4.1.1海表面溫度月氣候平均資料 11
4.1.2海表面高度異常值月氣候平均資料 11
4.1.3溫度梯度圖(Gradient Magnitude Map,GM) 12
4.1.4 MODIS Terra海表面溫度差三天月氣候平均資料(Sea Surface Temperature Difference, SSTD) 12
4.2 TRMM / TMI海表面溫度日平均資料與海表高度計日平均資料 14
4.2.1東海、黃海交界海域 15
4.2.1.1聖嬰年 15
4.2.1.2反聖嬰年 16
4.2.1.3正常年 16
4.2.1.4海表面溫度(TMI SST)快速傅立葉轉換 16
4.2.1.5海表面溫度差 17
4.2.2長江外海海域 18
4.2.2.1聖嬰年 19
4.2.2.2反聖嬰年 19
4.2.2.3正常年 19
4.2.2.4海表面溫度(TMI SST)快速傅立葉轉換 20
4.2.2.5海表面溫度差 20
第五章 結論與未來展望 22
參考文獻 25

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