臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

大學教師工作滿意度和高等教育品質息息相關。目前研究文獻欠缺開發中國家大學教師工作滿意度之實證研究。本研究之目的為探討越南胡志明市國家大學教師之工作滿意度及其影響因素，以補強目前文獻之空缺，增進對大學教師工作滿意議題之瞭解。
本研究以越南胡志明市國家大學的五所成員大學之200位教師為研究樣本，以問卷調查方式探討三個研究問題如下：(1) 越南大學教師工作滿意度如何？(2) 不同個人背景之越南大學教師工作滿意度是否有顯著差異？ (3) 個人背景和大學環境對越南大學教師工作滿意度的影響為何？本研究結果顯示，越南大學教師的工作滿意度為中上程度。在工作滿意度的五個組成面向中，教師對於升等制度的滿意度最高；對於薪資的滿意度最低。此外，不同性別、教育程度、以及畢業國家的越南大學教師之工作滿意度有顯著的差異：男性教師的工作滿意度高於女性教師；擁有碩士學位教師的工作滿意度高於擁有學士學位教師；畢業於西方國家教師的工作滿意度高於畢業於越南和亞洲國家教師。研究結果亦顯示，越南大學教師工作滿意度受到個人背景與大學環境影響：年齡對教師工作滿意度有負向的影響；已婚、高教育程度、畢業於西方國家對教師工作滿意度有正面的影響；大學良好的領導作風、校園景觀、和行政效率對教師工作滿意度有正向的影響。最後，根據以上研究結果，本研究對高等教育政策制定者和高等教育管理者提出建議。

Faculty job satisfaction and teaching quality in higher education are closely related. Little is known about higher education faculty job satisfaction in developing countries. The main purpose of this study is to investigate faculty job satisfaction in Vietnam National University – Ho Chi Minh City and examine affecting factors in order to fill the research gap in this area and better understand faculty job satisfaction.
This study used a questionnaire to survey 200 faculty members working full-time in the five member universities of Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City. The study was designed to answer three research questions: (1) What is the general level of faculty job satisfaction in Vietnamese universities? (2) Do any significant differences exist in the level of faculty job satisfaction regarding personal factors? and (3) How is faculty job satisfaction affected by personal and university environment factors? The study found that Vietnamese faculty members were moderately satisfied with their job. In the five dimensions of faculty job satisfaction, faculty members were most satisfied with faculty promotion mechanism and least satisfied with their salaries. The study also found that gender, educational attainment, and country of graduation were significant differences in faculty job satisfaction. This study showed that male faculty members were more satisfied than their female counterparts. Faculty members holding master’s degree were more satisfied than those holding bachelor’s degrees. Faculty members who received the highest degrees in Western countries were more satisfied than their colleagues who received the highest degrees in Asian countries or Vietnam. Moreover, the study found that faculty job satisfaction was significantly affected by both personal and university environment factors. A significant negative effect was found between faculty job satisfaction and age groups. In addition, personal factors such as marriage, educational attainment, graduation from Western countries vs. Vietnam had significantly positive effects on faculty job satisfaction. University environment factors such as leadership style, campus landscape, and administrative efficiency had significantly positive effects on faculty job satisfaction. Finally, based on the findings of this study, recommendations for policy makers and university administrators were also discussed.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i
ABSTRACT iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF FIGURES x
LIST OF TABLES xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xii
CHAPTER
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Purpose of the Study 8
1.3 Research Questions 8
1.4 Theoretical Framework 9
1.5 Significance of the Study 10
1.6 Definition of Terms 11
1.7 Limitations of the Study 12
1.8 Organization of the Study 12
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 The Introduction of Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City 15
2.2 The Concept of Job Satisfaction 17
2.2.1 Definition of job satisfaction 17
2.2.2 Content theories of job satisfaction 18
2.2.3 Measurement of job satisfaction 20
2.3 Components Influencing Job Satisfaction 22
2.3.1 Job satisfaction and personal factors 23
2.3.2 Job satisfaction and university environment factors 26
2.4 Job Satisfaction and the Quality of Higher Education 27
2.4.1 University faculty job satisfaction 28
2.4.2 Studies of faculty job satisfaction in higher education 28 2.4.3 The importance of faculty job satisfaction in higher education 31
Summary 32
3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 35
3.1 Research Design 35
3.2 Research Instruments 39
3.3 Population and Sample 43
3.4 Variables of the Study 47
3.5 Reliability and Validity 51
3.6 Data Collection Procedure 52
3.7 Data Analysis Methods 53
3.7.1 Descriptive analysis 53
3.7.2 ANOVA and independent t-test 54
3.7.3 Multiple regressions analysis 54
Summary 54
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 57
4.1 Study Participants 57
4.2 Responses to Research Question One: What Is the General Level of Job Satisfaction in Vietnamese Universities? 60
4.3 Responses to Research Question Two: Do Any Significant Differences Exist in the Level of Faculty Job Satisfaction Regarding Personal Factors? 64
4.4 Responses to Research Question Three: How Is Faculty Job Satisfaction Affected by Personal and University Environment Factors? 67
4.5 Discussion of Research Question One: What Is the General Level of Job Satisfaction in Vietnamese Universities? 70
4.6 Discussion of Research Question Two: Do Any Significant Differences Exist in the Level of Faculty Job Satisfaction Regarding Personal Factors? 73
4.7 Discussion of Research Question Three: How Is Faculty Job Satisfaction Affected by Personal and University Environment Factors? 75
Summary 78
5. CONCLUSION 81
5.1 Summary 81
5.1.1 Overview of the study 81
5.1.2 Review of the methodology 83
5.1.3 The findings of the study 84
5.2 Recommendations 86
Summary 87
REFERENCES 89
APPENDICE 113
APPENDIX A: E-mail Message from Author to Prof. Sen-Ming Peng Asking for Assistance in Using the Questionnaire 113
APPENDIX B: Response from Prof. Sen-Ming Peng 114
APPENDIX C: Original Chinese Version of Questionnaire 115
APPENDIX D: Vietnamese Version Translation of the Original Questionnaire 119
APPENDIX E: Questions of E-mail Interviews 124
APPENDIX F: Watson’s Formula for Sample Size 126
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 3.1 It was modified from the explanatory design: Follow up explanatory model
(Quantitative emphasized) 37
Figure 3.2 Conceptual framework of independent variables influencing on dependent variable 38

LIST OF TABLES Page
Table 2.1 Summary of References Addressing the Relationship Regarding Job Satisfaction and Personal Factors 24
Table 3.1 Basic Information of Twelve Participants in the Vietnamese Version of the Questionnaire 42
Table 3.2 The Population of the Five Member Universities in VNU-HCM 45
Table 3.3 Faculty Members Number Proportion of the Population and Sample 46
Table 3.4 The Basic Information of Participants in E-mail Interviews 47
Table 3.5 Questionnaire Items and Coding Schemes for Independent Variables 50
Table 3.6 Factor Analysis Results of the Five Dimensions Constructing Job Satisfaction
of Faculty Members in VNU-HCM 51
Table 4.1 The Results of Descriptive Statistics of Personal Factors in the Study 59
Table 4.2 The Results of Means (M) and Standard Deviations (SD) of Faculty Job Satisfaction Level in VNU-HCM 60
Table 4.3 The Results of Each Dimension of Job Satisfaction Broken Down by
Personal Background 62
Table 4.4 The Results of ANOVA and t-test of Personal Factors on Faculty Job
Satisfaction in VNU-HCM 66
Table 4.5 The Results of Multiple Regression Regarding Faculty Job Satisfaction and
Personal and University Environment Factors across Models 69
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
GSOV General Statistics Office of Vietnam
JDI Job Descriptive Index
JSS Job Satisfaction Survey
MOET Ministry of Education and Training
MSQ Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire
NASRV National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
TSAO Texas State Auditor’s Office
VNG Vietnam’s Government
VNU-HCM Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City
VSO Voluntary Service Oversea

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