臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　螺殼是寄居蟹生存上重要的資源，本研究利用主成分分析與典型變量分析兩種統計方式由螺殼的「大小」、「形狀」與「種類」三方面切入，並搭配單變量分析的組合，比較高雄市旗津近海兩種共域之活額寄區蟹利用螺殼的模式；並在實驗室內提供充足之螺殼任其選擇，以評估於野外的資源是否匱乏；最後與其他三個同樣位於高屏地區的族群整合(彌陀, 柴山, 大鵬灣)，比較其中螺殼資源利用上的差異。
　　結果顯示兩個物種於旗津共用相同大小、形狀與種類的螺殼資源；但該資源中各種尺寸螺殼皆不夠充足，對不同大小的寄居蟹個體而言，缺乏的程度是相似的。
　　兩物種的個體大小有所差異，而種間利用螺殼的模式亦不同：相同的個體大小下Diogenes rectimanus 背負的殼較大、D. nitidimanus 背負的殼較小。特別的是在充足螺殼的實驗環境中，兩物種依然採用相同的模式，物種間對於螺殼亦無各自的偏好，顯示物種間可能沒有顯示競爭或資源分配的現象。
　　四個地區各種螺殼在大小上呈現連續並重疊的離散狀態，與寄居蟹大小的分布相符，顯示了不同個體依體型對殼的選擇，以及資源充分利用的狀態。 整體而言，高屏地區四個地點的螺殼資源相當類似，但其中殼種組成與其他因素仍造成不同地點間螺殼組成在大小與形狀上的變異，且有可能因此限制了該地寄居蟹族群的個體大小。

　The shell utilization of two sympatric hermit carb species was studied in shallow waters of Kaohsiung and Pingtung, southern Taiwan. Principal components, canonical variates and univariate analysis was used to compare three major variables of shell resource: species, size, and shape between species and sites.
The regression between crab and shell and shell adequacy index (SAI) revealed that two species shared the same resource which had shell size limitation in the field had different pattern. Shells used by Diogenes rectimanus were larger than those uesd by D. nitidimanus of same size. But the utilization pattern was the same under a shell sufficient condition in the laboratory, suggesting that there was no resource partitioning or competition between these two species.
The size of shell composed a continuous morphological overlap at four different sites and shown a good consistency with crab size. This revealed the utilization of crabs in different size selected different shells and suggested a status of sufficient resource utilization. Although the shell resource were highly similar, but different composition of shell species and other factors could caused variances in shell size and shape between four sites, and caused crab size divergence among different populations.

第一章、前言.............................................................................................................................. 1
第二章、材料與方法.................................................................................................................. 7
　　一、採樣方式與地點.......................................................................................................... 7
　　二、形質測量方式.............................................................................................................. 7
　　三、「蟹-殼」之間相關形質的分析................................................................................. 8
　　四、實驗室之選殼實驗(實驗室選殼)................................................................................ 8
　　五、野外寄居蟹之螺殼測量實驗 (野外螺殼)................................................................... 9
　　六、促使寄居蟹活體離開螺殼的方法.............................................................................. 9
　　七、四地點螺殼利用之比較............................................................................................ 10
　　八、資料分析方式............................................................................................................ 11
　　九、統計軟體之參數設定................................................................................................ 13
第三章、結果........................................................................................................................... 15
　　一、「蟹-殼」之間相關形質的分析............................................................................... 15
　　二、兩種活額寄居蟹對螺殼資源的利用........................................................................ 17
　　三、四個地點螺殼利用之比較........................................................................................ 20
第四章、討論........................................................................................................................... 23
　　一、「蟹-殼」之間相關形質的分析.............................................................................. 23
　　二、兩種活額寄居蟹對螺殼資源的利用........................................................................ 26
　　三、四個地點螺殼利用之比較........................................................................................ 29
　　四、結論........................................................................................................................... 31
參考文獻.................................................................................................................................. 33
謝辭.......................................................................................................................................... 38

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