臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本文的目的是藉由實驗設備在一有背景渦度下產生單一穩定渦漩，經由理論分析得知吾人可以由改變工作水深而給予渦漩運動機制，如此一來吾人便可以藉由水工模擬中緯度地區颱風的動力性質。
　　吾人以渦漩產生機構產生單一渦漩，利用曲線方程式近似此渦漩之無因次速度分佈與無因次渦度分佈，使得渦漩結構得以確立。且令此單一渦漩與二維圓柱交互作用，觀察並記錄渦漩中心軌跡。在此實驗中，改變渦漩強度、圓柱特徵長度、等效 效應以及渦漩撞擊圓柱位置等等不同參數，找出影響渦漩行進的關鍵因子。藉由流場顯影吾人可以得到實驗結果並加以分析，進而了解影響主渦漩與次渦漩運動軌跡的主要因素:渦漩強度、圓柱特徵長度、等效 效應、柱渦漩撞擊位置。例如:愈強的渦漩與圓柱的交互時間短，容易脫離圓柱，渦漩以西北偏北的方向發展；圓柱特徵長度愈長，渦漩愈難繞行過圓柱，次渦漩往西北發展；圓柱特徵尺度如果遠比渦漩直徑來的小，則產生之次渦漩會先往南運動再往西北前進。
　　其次，本文也討論有無科氏效應下單一渦漩與圓柱交互作用的主要差異，包含:主渦漩的前進方向、主渦漩的衰弱時間以及次渦產生的位置。上述這些比較將會在本文裡詳細討論。
　　最後，本文將利用實驗設備產生逆渦漩，觀察其流場型態，可以清楚了解逆渦漩在逆時針的背景渦度下是無法維持如同正渦漩般的單一穩定性，逆渦漩將會很快分裂成兩部分，且次兩部分會做行星互繞運動。

誌謝.....................................I
摘要.....................................III
目錄.....................................IV
圖表目錄..................................VII
符號說明..................................IX
第一章　緒論...............................1
　1.1研究動機............................... 1
　1.2文獻回顧...............................3
　1.3全文概述.............................. 6
第二章　理論分析與實驗規劃....................9
　2.1理論分析...............................9
　2.2實驗規劃...............................16
第三章　實驗設備與實驗步驟...................19
　3.1非慣性運動系統實驗設備.....................19
　　3.1.1旋轉平臺.............................19
　　3.1.2旋轉水槽.............................19
　　3.1.3渦漩產生機構..........................21
　　3.1.4二維圓柱模型..........................22
　3.2攝影及週邊設備...........................23
　　3.2.1雷射光源.............................23
　　3.2.2旋轉八面鏡...........................23
　　3.2.3攝影設備.............................23
　　3.2.4無線影音傳輸器.........................24
　3.3實驗操作步驟............................24
　　3.3.1染料注入法...........................24
　　3.3.2雷射光頁顯像法.........................25
第四章　結果與討論..........................26
　4.1渦漩起始條件與特性........................26
　　4.1.1單一渦漩的大小.........................27
　　4.1.2單一渦漩的強度.........................28
　　4.1.3不穩定現象...........................29
　　4.1.4單一渦漩的上升氣流......................30
　4.2渦漩的行進路徑...........................31
　　4.2.1 f-平面上渦漩行進路徑.....................31
　　4.2.2 -平面上渦漩行進路徑....................31
　　　4.2.2.1擾動速度對渦漩行進路徑的影響............31
　4.3渦漩與模型交互作用........................32
　　4.3.1單一渦漩與直徑20cm之圓柱交互作用...........32
　　4.3.2單一渦漩與直徑10cm之圓柱交互作用...........33
　　4.3.3單一渦漩與直徑3cm之圓柱交互作用............34
　　4.3.4單一渦漩與直徑1cm之圓柱交互作用............34
　4.4影響渦漩與模型交互作用的因子.................35
　　4.4.1渦漩強弱對交互作用的影響..................35
　　4.4.2 效應對交互作用的影響..................36
　　4.4.3撞擊位置對交互作用的影響..................37
　4.5雷射切頁高度對交互作用的影響.................38
　4.6與無科氏效應下之單一渦漩相較.................38
　4.7 渦漩能否繞過圓柱.........................40
　4.8 逆渦漩之運動軌跡.........................42
第五章　結論與展望..........................44
　5.1 結論..................................44
　5.2未來展望...............................45
參考文獻..................................46

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