臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

無線隨意行動網路（Mobile Ad hoc Networks：MANETs）是由一群可以隨意移動的無線行動設備所構成的網路，行動主機（mobile host）之間的通訊是藉由網路間鄰近的行動節點相互傳遞資料、交換訊息而完成。在此種網路中無線行動設備以其有限的無線電波頻寬、高速的移動性和有限的電量傳送訊號。它不含有任何有線或無線的網路基礎建設，也不需要集中式的管理；如基地台等。因此，在某些小區域或是無基地台支援的地區如戰地、災區等，ad-hoc無線網路就顯得更重要。
在無線隨意行動網路中，由於大部份的節點是處於移動的狀態，所以傳輸路徑的改變或中斷是相當頻繁的事件。因此尋找穩定之傳輸路徑是一項重要的議題。本論文以AODV路由協定為基礎，利用訊號強度係數、節點的電量係數、忙碌程度係數三個係數加以計算出路徑選擇值。將此值填入路由請求封包內傳送，作為建立路徑時目的地端判斷路徑選擇的因素，以選擇出穩定的主要路徑與備用路徑用。其效能在減少路由斷裂次數與延遲時間及增加封包的到達率。本論文特色在無外加傳送其他的控制封包，而選擇出穩定度高的路徑，減少整體網路控制封包的傳送負荷，而提高整體網路的效能。

Mobile ad hoc Networks （MANETs） is formed by a group of wireless equipment (node) that can move fast and no centralized management mechanism can be used. The communication between mobile nodes can be accomplished via the nearby mobile hosts interchanging messages. In case of the limited resources such as network bandwidth, memory capacity, and battery power, the efficiency of routing scheme in ad hoc networks becomes more important and challenging.
In Mobile ad hoc Networks, most nodes are mobile and the routing path may be changed or disrupted quite often due to the movement of some hosts on the path. Therefore, finding a reliable routing path is an important issue. In this thesis, signal strength coefficient, node power coefficient and busy condition coefficients are calculated for route selection, to meet the request packet for establishing transmission path. Route selection value is calculated with above three coefficients for choosing steady routing path and backup path. It can reduce the break time and latency period, and increase packet arrival rate. The developed method in this thesis can choose the path with high stability and reduce the overall network load. The results of simulation showed that overall network performance has been improved.

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3論文架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 無線網路簡介 5
2.1.1 無線隨意行動網路簡介 5
2.1.2 無線隨意網路路由協定 6
2.1.3 廣播、單播、群播 10
2.2 Dynamic Source Routing 12
2.3 Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing 13
2.4 AODV 和DSR 的比較 15
第三章 折衷式路徑選擇演算法 17
3.1 AODV 17
3.1.1 路徑請求封包 19
3.1.2 路徑回覆封包 20
3.1.2.1 輔助的路徑回覆封包 21
3.1.2.2 接收及傳送路徑回覆封包 22
3.1.3 路徑中斷封包 23
3.1.4 路徑重建 24
3.2 相關研究 27
3.2.1 AODV-BR 27
3.2.2 MAODV 28
3.3 路徑選擇演算法 29
3.3.1 路徑選擇值 31
3.3.2 路徑選擇 33
3.3.3 路徑修復 35
3.3.4 折衷式路徑選擇演算法 36
第四章 模擬驗證 39
4.1 模擬環境及方法 39
4.2 效能分析 40
4.2.1速度模擬 41
4.2.2 不同權重係數模擬 48
第五章 結論與後續研究建議 52
參考文獻 53

[1] E.M. Royer, and C-K. Toh ,“A Review of Current Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, IEEE Personal Communications, pp.46-55, April 1999..
[2] Corson, M.S.; Macker, J.P.; Cirincione, G.H. “Internet-based mobile ad hoc networking”, IEEE Internet Computing Volume: 34, Page(s): 63 –70, July-Aug. 1999.
[3] Markku Manner,“Table-Driven Routing Protocols in Ad-hoc Mobile Wireless Networks”, SEMINAR ON AD-HOC NETWORKS, 2006.
[4] Raju, J., Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J.J., “A Comparison of On-Demand and Table Driven Routing for Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks”, Communications, 2000 IEEE International Conference Volume 3, Page(s):1702 - 1706, June 2000.
[5] Hua-Wen Tsai, Tzung-Shi Chen, Chih-Ping Chu , “An on-demand routing protocol with backtracking for mobile ad hoc networks”, . 2004 IEEE Volume 3, Page(s):1557 - 1562, March 2004.
[6] Shoubridge, P.; Dadej, A., “Hybrid routing in dynamic networks”, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Volume 3, Page(s):1381 - 1386, June 1997.
[7] Jacquet, P. , “Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks”, Multi Topic Conference, 2001. IEEE INMIC 2001. Technology for the 21st Century. Proceedings. IEEE International pp.62 - 68, Dec. 2001.
[8] Mario Gerla, Xiaoyan Hong, and Guangyu Pei,“Fisheye State Routing Protocol（FSR） for Ad Hoc Networks”, draft-ietf-manet-fsr-03.txt, June 2002.
[9] Richard G. Ogier, Fred L. Templin, Bhargav Bellur, and Mark G. Lewis,“Topology Broadcast Based on Reverse-Path Forwarding（TBRPF）”, draft-ietf-manet-tbrpf-05.txt, March 2002.
[10] Charles E. Perkins, Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer, and Samir R. Das, “Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector（AODV） Routing”, draft-ietf-manetaodv-11.txt, June 2002.
[11] David B. Johnson, David A. Maltz, Yih-Chun Hu, and Jorjeta G. Jetcheva, “The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks（DSR）”,draft-itef-manet-dsr-07.txt, February 2002.
[12] Zygmunt J. Haas, Marc R. Pearlman, and Prince Samar, “The Zone Routing Protocol（ZRP） for Ad Hoc Networks”, draft-ietf-manet-zone-zrp-04.txt, July, 2002.
[13] Pearlman, M.R.; Haas, Z.J., “Determining the optimal configuration for the zone routing protocol”, IEEE Journal on Volume 17, pp.1395 - 1414 , Aug. 1999.
[14] Devarapalli, V.; Sidhu, D. “MZR: a multicast protocol for mobile ad hoc networks” Communications, 2001. ICC 2001. IEEE International Conference on Volume 3, pp.886 – 891, June 2001.
[15] Wu, H.; Abouzeid, A.A. “Cluster-based routing overhead in networks with unreliable nodes”, Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2004. WCNC. 2004 IEEEVolume 4, pp.2557 - 2562, March 2004.
[16] Charles E. Perkins and Pravin Bhagwat, “Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing（DSDV） for mobile computers”, In Proceedings of the SIGCOM`94 Conference on Communication Architectures, Protocols and Applications, pp.234-244, August 1994.
[17] Shih-Lin Wu, Sze-Yao Ni, Yu-Chee Tseng, and Jang-Ping Sheu, “Route Maintenance in a Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network”, Proceeding of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2000.
[18] Li-Ping Chou; Chin-Chi Hsu; Fan Wu, “A reliable multipath routing protocol for ad-hoc network,” 2002. ICON 2002. 10th IEEE International Conference on , pp. 305-310, 2002.
[19] M. K. Marina and S. R. Das, “Ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing,” ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 92–93, July 2002.
[20] S-J. Lee and M. Gerla. “AODV-BR: Backup Routing in Ad hoc Networks”, In Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference（WCNC）, pp.1311-1316, 2000.
[21] Daniel Camara, Antonio A.F. Loureiro, “A Novel Routing Algorithm for Ad Hoc Networks”, Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences – 2000.
[22] R Jain, A. Puri, and R. Sengupta, “Geographical Routing Using Partial Information for Wireless Ad Hoc Networks”, IEEE Personal Communication, Vol 8, No 1, pp.48-57, February 2001.
[24] Wang, Y.H.; Chuang, C.M.; Chuang, C.C., ” On-demand ad hoc routing protocol with backup node,” TENCON '02. Proceedings. 2002 IEEE Region 10 Conference on Computers, Communications, Control and Power Engineering , Volume: 2 , pp. 1069 – 1072, 2002.
[25] NS-Network Simulator：http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/
[26] NS manual：http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.html
[27] 林俊賢，“在Ad Hoc無線網路上具有ACK路徑重繞用以改進TCP效能的改良式AODV”，國立中山大學機電工程學系碩士論文，2004年8月.
[28] 戴江淮，“行動路由技術”，博碩文化出版，2005年月.
[29] 柯志亨，“計算機網路實驗 – 以NS2模擬工具實作”，學貫行銷股份有限公司出版，2005年12月.