臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

磷光有機發光二極體近年來被廣泛的研究及開發，由於磷光有機發光材料能利用單重激發態與三重激發態，而螢光只能使用單重激發態，因此理論上磷光的內部量子效率能達到100%，而螢光則為25%，磷光元件量子效率為螢光元件的四倍。本論文中，我們將探討含銥金屬磷光材料以及其元件之開發。
在第一部分我們將探討新穎含銥金屬天藍色磷光材料。其材料以銥金屬為中心結構，我們將此材料命名為Ir(1)以及Ir(2)。此材料由清華大學季昀教授團隊開發，用於製作高效率綠光有機發光元件。為了提升效率，我們使用雙發光層來優化元件，其以Ir(1)作為發光材料之天藍色元件最大效率為20.9 %、47.0 cd/A、47.9 lm/W，而以Ir(2)為發光材料之天藍色元件最大效率為19.3 %、49.7 cd/A、39.6 lm/W。
第二部分我們同樣與季昀教授團隊合作開發新穎銥金屬綠色磷光材料，我們將此材料命名為Ir(3)和Ir(4)。此元件同樣以複合激發態結構製作高效率元件，其以Ir(3) 為發光材料之綠光元件最大效率為20.0 %、56.7 cd/A、44.2 lm/W，而以Ir(4)為發光材料之綠光元件最大效率為19.4 %、57.7 cd/A，40.5 lm/W。由實驗結果證實此系列銥金屬錯合物，對於製作高效率的綠光元件具有相當大的潛力。

Phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been under intensive investigations in recent years because phosphorescent OLEDs (PhOLEDs) can utilize both singlet and triplet excitons, whereas fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) can use only singlet excitons. The quantum efficiency of PhOLEDs can reach 100%, however, the quantum efficiency of fluorescent OLEDs can only reach 25%. For this reason, theoretically, the quantum efficiency of PhOLEDs could be higher by four times than that of fluorescent OLEDs. In this thesis, we focused on the development of new iridium-based phosphors and their electroluminescent applications.
In the first part, a new series of sky-blue emitting iridium complexes were developed by Prof. Yun Chi’s group for constructing highly efficient sky-blue OLEDs. In order to improve the efficiencies of the tested devices, exciplex was used as the host to combine with these emitters, aiming to adjust the carrier balance. The maximum efficiencies of sky-blue OLEDs with Ir(1) were up to 20.9 %, 47.0 cd/A, and 47.9 lm/W while the Ir(2)-based OLEDs were achieving 19.3 %, 49.7 cd/A, and 39.6 lm/W.
In the second part, we also collaborated with Prof. Chi's group to develop a new series of iridium complexes, including green-emitting Ir(3) and Ir(4). Similarly, exciplex was used as the host to adjust the carrier balance and thus improving the efficiencies. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 20.0 %, a luminance efficiency of 56.7 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 44.2 lm/W were obtained, which compares with 19.4 %, 57.7 cd/A, and 40.5 lm/W obtained for the OLEDs with Ir(4). Thus we can see that the high efficiencies of these OLED devices suggest the great potential for these iridium complexes in the fabrication of multicolored OLED devices.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 2
2-1 有機發光二極體之歷史發展 2
2-2 有機發光二極體之原理 4
2-3 有機磷光材料發展歷史 8
2-3-1 綠色含銥金屬磷光材料 9
2-3-2 藍色含銥金屬磷光材料 11
2-3-3 雙-三齒含銥金屬磷光材料 14
2-4 研究動機與目的 18
第三章 製程介紹 19
3-1 實驗流程 19
3-1-1 基板清洗 20
3-1-2 元件蒸鍍 21
3-1-3 元件量測系統 22
3-2 實驗所使用商用有機材料 24
Indium Tin Oxide 24
第四章 應用新穎銥金屬錯合物之磷光有機發光元件 25
4-1 含銥金屬天藍色磷光材料 25
4-1-1 含銥金屬Ir(1)天藍色磷光元件之主體及電洞傳輸層厚度調變測試 27
4-1-2 含銥金屬Ir(1)天藍色磷光元件之電洞傳輸層及阻擋層測試 33
4-1-3 含銥金屬Ir(1)天藍色磷光元件之雙發光層厚度測試 38
4-1-4 含銥金屬Ir(1)天藍色磷光元件之電洞傳輸層厚度測試 44
4-1-5 含銥金屬Ir(1)天藍色磷光元件之發光層濃度調變測試 50
4-1-6 含銥金屬Ir(2)天藍色磷光元件之發光層濃度調變測試 56
4-1-7 實驗結果 61
4-2 含銥金屬綠色磷光材料 64
4-2-1 含銥金屬Ir(3)綠色磷光元件之雙發光層厚度及阻擋層測試 65
4-2-2 含銥金屬Ir(3)綠色磷光元件之濃度測試 74
4-2-3 含銥金屬Ir(4)綠色磷光元件之發光層濃度測試 80
4-2-4 實驗結果 86
4-3 雙-三齒含銥金屬磷光錯合物比較 88
第五章 結論與未來展望 95
5-1 結論 95
5-2 未來與展望 97
參考文獻 98

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