臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究設計一套針對帕金森氏病(Parkinson’s disease，PD）患者之系統與具有提醒功能之輔助裝置，該疾病典型會有不穩容易跌倒等問題，容易影響日常生活功能。當老年PD患者發生跌倒意外事件時，如何迅速有效的提醒周邊的人是相當重要的。而在老年PD患者行動不便而需要輔助時，市面上已提供很多類型的行動輔具可供選擇，就依便利性以及攜帶性而言，多數的老年人會選擇手杖來協助行動的工具。本研究利用具有加速度計偵測的系統附加在手杖上來做實施跌倒偵測，並進一步可自動發出警告聲。在市面上已有針對手杖結合視覺提醒的產品設計，但其主要針對直行所需，而本研究的目的是在設計一可拆式輔助裝置並且可直接安裝在現有的手杖或是其它助行器上，利用視覺的提醒並且針對轉彎和直行的部分以及可調步距作一裝置的開發，裝置能夠有效的給予提醒，並且在行走時能給予老年PD患者幫助。

The purpose of this study is to design a system and cueing function aiding devices equipment especially for the Parkinson’s disease patients. Symptoms of this disease are shaking and difficulty with walking which affects the sufferers’ daily living functions. When a senior PD patient falls down, it is very important to warn of his relatives quickly and efficiently. However, there are various types of mobility aids on the market that can be chosen for the senior PD patients to improve the mobility with their mobility impairment. For the convenience and portability, most elders will select cane as their moving aids.This study adds an accelerometer to the cane to implement falling detections, and further send out alarms automatically.The market has already canes with visual cueing designs, but mostly for straight walking purpose.The purpose of this study is to design a detachable walking aid which can be equipped on existing cane or any other walking aids, with visual cues especially when turning and walking straight with distance adjustability to help the senior PD patients.

摘　要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機與目的 3
1.3文獻回顧 4
1.3.1 提醒相關研究 4
1.3.2 跌倒偵測相關研究 7
1.4研究範圍與限制 9
1.5論文架構 9
第二章 系統架構 11
2.1帕金森系統平台 11
2.1.1手杖本體 11
2.1.2 MicroChip dsPIC 數位訊號控制器 13
2.2感測器工作原理 21
2.2.1 三軸加速規(Accelerometer) 21
2.2.2 紅外線(Infrared ray ) 24
2.3 系統架構與無線通訊傳輸模組 26
第三章 硬體組件與機構設計 28
3.1硬體組件 29
3.1.1 微步進馬達與驅動器 29
3.1.2 650nm與532nm雷射 32
3.2機構裝置設計 33
3.2.1微步進馬達與平台角度設計 33
3.2.2雷射距離與滑軌角度設計 38
3.2.3設計圖 39
3.3裝置與各零件搭配 41
第四章 系統設計 44
4.1訊號擷取程式架構 44
4.2訊號分析處理程式架構 48
4.3手杖行為判斷之曲線特徵 50
4.3.1 加速規資料擷取與判斷 50
4.3.2 紅外線資料擷取與判斷 52
4.4跌倒與步行之加速度曲線特徵 53
4.4.1手杖正常步行加速度曲線特徵 53
4.4.2跌倒後加速度曲線特徵 54
4.5控制器作動流程 56
第五章 手杖實驗結果與分析 57
5.1實驗設計 57
5.1.1實驗對象 57
5.1.2實驗目的 58
5.1.3環境規劃 58
5.2 實驗步驟 59
5.3結果與分析 61
5.3.1紅外線按壓之測試結果 61
5.3.2可調整步距之測試結果 63
5.3.3跌倒偵測(SV)之測試結果 67
5.3.4帕金森病患之測試結果 70
第六章 結論與未來展望 74
6.1結論 74
6.2未來展望 75
參考文獻 76
附錄 78
附錄A 醒裝置設計圖(主體) 78
附錄B 提醒裝置設計圖(內部) 79
附錄C 提醒裝置設計圖(外殼) 80

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