臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現今潤滑油大部分為石油煉製而成，然而石油儲量有限，並且石化產品亦造成環境污染，因此有許多專家學者從事使用經濟作物提煉植物潤滑油，例如：葵花油、油菜花籽油、椰子油等，但是若能利用廢棄物來提煉的潤滑油，則其經濟效益更大。如果稻稈及咖啡殘渣可以用當作生物潤滑油添加劑，將是再生能源和環境保護的重要來源。本研究以咖啡生質油、稻稈生質油作為潤滑油，進行黏度、水分、潤滑與磨耗等性能分析，探討其可行性。同時利用三體微接觸模式，分析稻稈顆粒與咖啡顆粒對生質潤滑油性能之影響。
就稻稈潤滑油而言，初步實驗得知10%稻稈生質潤滑油與礦物油比較，(1)不管是在混合潤滑或是厚膜潤滑都能有效減少摩擦係數及工作溫度。(2)稻稈生質潤滑油能夠有效降低摩擦係數，以提升機件之輸出功率，並達到減少機件燃油耗損之功效。(3)在不同負荷，高轉速的磨耗情況下，使用稻稈生質潤滑油更能比礦物潤滑油有效減少試件磨損，使其磨損量減少2倍左右。
就20%咖啡生質潤滑油而言，(1)能夠降低摩擦係數，接觸電阻也明顯能提升。(2)咖啡生質潤滑油亦能有效減少磨損量1.5倍之多。證明生質潤滑油比礦物油更有良好的抗磨損性能。

Nowadays, an environmental-safe biolubricant was emphasized due to the environment protection and the rapid depletion of world fossil fuel reserves. Many scientist used refined plant oil of cash crop, for example Sunflower Oil, Canola Oil, Coconut oil etc. If the litter can be refined to lubricant, the economic benefits would be raised. If rice straw and coffee dregs can be used as bio-additive of lubricant, it will be an important source of renewable and sustainable energy. The objective of this study was to assess the lubrication and friction characteristics of rice straw and coffee dregs biolubricant in ring-disk testing machine for different speeds and loads. The effects of friction coefficient, workpiece temperature and contact resistance of interface were investigated to evaluate friction performance of biolubricant. In this study, used a three-body contact model to analysis rice straw and coffee dregs particles of bio-lubricant effect.
In this study, (1)The property comparison of mineral oil and mixed 10% rice straw biolubricant to the lubricant functions as an additive which decreased the friction coefficient and temperature from thick film lubrication to mixed lubrication even at higher load. (2)The difference of contact resistances and temperature increases as revolution speed extend. The results showed that the biolubricant of the above experiment can be effective decreased friction coefficient and workpiece temperature. (3)The biolubricant has twice as much as antiwear property than that of mineral oil from mixed 8% rice straw biolubricant.
The property comparison of mineral oil and mixed 20% coffee biolubricant(1)In the low-speed, and low loading, can be effective decreased friction coefficient. The contact resistance is enhance. (2)The biolubricant has one and a half times antiwear property than that of mineral oil from mixed 20% coffee biolubricant.

中文摘要 ………………………………………………………… i
英文摘要 ………………………………………………………… ii
誌謝 ………………………………………………………… iii
目錄 ………………………………………………………… iv
表目錄 ………………………………………………………… vi
圖目錄 ………………………………………………………… vii
符號說明 ………………………………………………………… xi
第一章 緒論……………………………………………...……. 1
1.1 前言………………………………………………….... 1
1.2 潤滑油………………………………………………… 1
1.3 礦物油………………………………………………… 2
1.4 植物油與文獻探討…………………………………… 3
1.5 裂解稻稈生質油與文獻探討………………………… 4
1.6 裂解咖啡生質油與文獻探討………………………… 5
1.7 近年生質油技術與文獻探討………………………… 6
1.8 專利分析……………………………………………… 8
1.9 合成潤滑油…………………………………………… 8
1.10 添加劑………………………………………………… 9
1.11 潤滑油與環境………………………………………… 13
1.12 黏度………………………………………………….... 13
1.12.1 黏度指數……………………………………………… 14
1.13 潤滑區域……………………………………………… 14
1.14 線接觸油膜厚度……………………………………… 14
1.15 黏度等級及潤滑油性能……………………………… 15
1.16 研究動機與論文架構………………………………… 15
第二章 研究內容與方法……………………...………………. 21
2.1 生質潤滑油的混合…………………………………… 21
2.1.1 生質潤滑油的調配…………………………………… 21
2.1.2 生質油的調配步驟…………………………………… 21
2.1.2 注意事項……………………………………………… 21
2.2 生質潤滑油的實驗…………………………………… 21
2.2.1 並聯式磨潤試驗機介紹……………………………… 21
2.2.2 並聯式磨潤試驗機台操作流程……………………… 22
2.2.3 相關儀器介紹………………………………………… 23
2.2.4 試件尺寸……………………………………………… 24
2.2.5 注意事項……………………………………………… 24
2.3 電量法水份計的實驗……………………………….... 24
2.3.1 電量法水分計儀器介紹……………………………… 24
2.3.2 電量法水分計操作流程……………………………… 24
2.3.3 注意事項……………………………………………… 25
2.4 雷氏黏度計的實驗…………………………………… 25
2.4.1 雷氏黏度計儀器介紹………………………………… 25
2.4.2 雷氏黏度計儀器操作流程…………………………… 26
2.4.3 雷氏黏度計公式……………………………………… 26
2.4.4 注意事項……………………………………………… 27
2.5 磨損量計算…………………………………………… 27
2.6 三體界面間之摩擦分析……………………………… 27
2.6.1 三體界面間之摩擦分析介紹………………………… 27
第三章 結果與討論…………………………………………… 41
3.1 生質潤滑油…………………………………………… 41
3.2 礦物油………………………………………………… 41
3.2.1 礦物油之磨耗試驗…………………………………… 41
3.2.2 礦物油之油膜厚度…………………………………… 44
3.3 稻稈油………………………………………………… 45
3.3.1 稻稈油之GC/MS實驗………………………………. 45
3.3.2 稻稈油之磨耗試驗…………………………………… 46
3.3.3 稻稈油之油膜厚度…………………………………… 48
3.4 咖啡油………………………………………………… 48
3.4.1 咖啡油之GC/MS實驗………………………………. 48
3.4.2 咖啡油之磨耗試驗…………………………………… 49
3.4.3 咖啡油之油膜厚度…………………………………… 51
3.5 生質油之第三顆粒模擬……………………………… 52
3.5.1 溫度比較 52
3.6 生質油之其他實驗結果比較………………………… 53
3.6.1 生質油之磨損量比較………………………………… 53
3.6.2 生質油之潤滑油顆粒粒徑比較……………………… 53
3.6.3 生質油之水含量比較………………………………… 54
3.6.4 生質油之黏度比較…………………………………… 54
3.6.5 生質油之其他分析…………………………………… 55
第四章 結論與未來展望……………………………………… 82
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………… 84
附錄一 ………………………………………………………… 89
附錄二 ………………………………………………………… 90

英文論文大綱
………………………………………………………… 91
簡歷 ………………………………………………………… 96

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