臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來輸血後移植反宿主疾病（GVHD）是骨隨移植和器官移植最多致死的合併症。所以，要輸給免疫缺乏症病人之各種血品，必須先施以15~50 Gy輻射照射劑量，破壞血品中淋巴球的免疫能力，以避免輸血後GVHD的發生。由於國內、外漸漸的在血品照射方面，以可直接放置於血庫的加馬（Cs-137）血品照射儀取代直線加速器；因此對於加馬血品照射儀照射的劑量品質、劑量分布，建立血品的劑量品質控制標準及確保病患輸血安全便顯得刻不容緩。。
化學氣相沉積法產生的鑽石薄膜，其熱發光的輝光曲線及其動力學的特性，已有多位研究人員發表其研究成果，展現其在能量100 keV-2 MeV間無能量依存性。所以本文的主軸在使用CVD鑽石薄膜作為高輻射劑量的量測工具。量測MDS Nordion’s Gammacell血品照射儀的樣本容器內照射血品實際接受的劑量分布與照射中心點的吸收劑量。
由分析結果顯示CVD鑽石薄膜的吸收劑量回應曲線在高劑量區（5- 30 Gy）有良好的線性（R-square為0.9853）；實驗證實在不同射源（Co-60與Cs-137）間無能量依存性。本實驗照射時間設定為樣本容器中心點接受25 Gy的劑量，與原廠劑量分布的數據比較時，顯示受照射血品實際接受的平均吸收劑量（27.9 Gy）與照射中心點（26 Gy）的吸收劑量都較原廠設定值高約4 ﹪，且其產生的劑量分布符合美國FDA之劑量品質的建議值。CVD鑽石薄膜雖有易受紫外線干擾、不確定度在5%以下。但只要仔細的針對CVD鑽石薄膜的特性進行分析與校正後，對於建立加馬血品照射儀的高輻射劑量分布的品質保證措施，CVD鑽石薄膜是很適當的量測工具。經由本文建立的方法，不僅可精確得到血品中心點的吸收劑量，亦可同時確認血品中任一點接受到的吸收劑量。

Graft-versus-Host Disease ( GVHD ) is a well-know complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and is increasingly being recognized after solid-organ transplantation and transfusion.The radiation dose currently accepted to prevent GVHD is typically 15 Gy to 50 Gy. Blood irradiators are now in widespread use in the blood irradiation rather than LINACs because their security and convenient. Therefore, evaluated the dosimetry of blood irradiator is very important to confirm the safty of patients.
Many research workers have investigated the glow curve and dynamic of CVD diamond film fabricated with chemical vapour deposition methods ( CVD method ). This work is to study CVD diamond as a tool for blood irradiator dosimetry. We were measured the absorption dose distribution and spacial dose distribution of sample container of blood irradiator (Gamma- cell).
Results of experiment show that the response of absolute dose was display linearity(R-square 0.9853)for CVD diamond in high dose region ( 5-30 Gy),and measurement uncertainty is about 5%. The average absorbed dose is about 27.9± 5.46 Gy and the center absorbed dose is about 26 Gy of sample container of the blood-irradiator.The CVD diamond is a practical material for blood-irradiator measurements.

摘 要……………………………………………………….…….Ⅰ
Abstract……………………………………………………….….Ⅱ
謝 誌……………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
目 錄………………………………………………….………….Ⅳ
圖 目 錄………………………………………….……………...Ⅵ
表 目 錄……………………………………………….………...Ⅷ
一、緒論…………………………………………………..………1
1-1文獻回顧………….……………………….……………..2
1-2實驗目的…………….………….……….……………….3
二、實驗理論基礎………………………………………………...4
2-1血液的組成與輸血機制…….…………...………………4
2-2血品照射………………….……...………………………9
2-3熱發光的原理……………….……...………………..…12
2-4 CVD鑽石薄膜……………...…………………………..16
三、材料與方法……………....…………………….……………19
3-1 CVD鑽石薄膜與熱發光計讀系統………………….…19
3-2加馬（Cs-137）血品照射儀………………………….….26
3-3加馬（Cs-137）血品照射儀劑量分布的量測..…..……..33
四、結果與討論………………………………………….………39
4-1 CVD的水中吸收劑量回應曲線與特性…………….…39
4-2加馬（Cs-137）血品照射儀的劑量分布…………….….45
4-3量測結果分析………………………………….……….54
五、結論………………………………………………………….58
參考文獻…………………………………………………………60

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