臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

H.264/SVC可調式視訊編碼(Scalable Video Coding, SVC)是現在最新的可調式視訊編碼標準，它提供了時間可調性(Temporal Scalability)、空間可調性(Spatial Scalability)及品質可調性(Qualitys Scalability)三大工具，且均由一個基礎層(Base Layer)及數個增強層(Enhancement Layer)所構成，其中Base Layer的編碼方式可相容於H.264/AVC，而Enhancement Layer除了可自行做預測與編碼外，亦利用Base Layer之編碼資訊進行預測與編碼，所以其壓縮效率可以比之前的可調式視訊編碼標準來的高。而不同的使用情境需要不同的視訊品質，如裝置解析度大小不同、網路傳輸頻寬有限等，因此如何有效率的提供合適的視訊品質給各種不同使用情境的使用者是一個很重要的議題。
本論文利用層際間預測的概念，經理論分析所得壓縮前預測之殘餘值(Prior-Residual)以及量化參數來建立用於H.264/SVC可調式視訊編碼的量化失真模型，經實驗結果發現，利用提出的失真模型所預估出的編碼失真和實際經過壓縮後所得之編碼失真相比，精確率最高可達到94.98%。

Scalable Video Coding (SVC) provides efficient compression for the video bitstream equipped with various scalable configurations. H.264 scalable extension (H.264/SVC) is the most recent scalable coding standard. It involves state-of-the-art inter-layer prediction to provide higher coding efficiency than previous standards. Moreover, the requirements for the video quality on distinct situations like link conditions or video contents are usually different. Therefore, how to efficiently provide suitable video quality to users under different situations is an important issue.
This work proposes a Quantization-Distortion (Q-D) model for H.264/SVC spatial scalability to estimate video quality before real encoding is performed. We introduce the residual decomposition for three inter-layer prediction types: residual prediction, intra prediction, and motion prediction. The residual can be decomposed to previous distortion and prior-residual that can be estimated before encoding. For single layer, they are distortion of previous frame and difference between two original frames. Then, the distortion can be modeled as a function of quantization step and prior-residual. In simulations, the proposed model can estimate the actual Q-D curves for each inter-layer prediction, and the accuracy of the model is up to 94.98%.

摘要 I
致謝 III
目錄 IV
附圖索引 VI
附表索引 VIII
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　研究背景 1
1.2　研究動機與目的 2
1.3　論文架構 2
第二章　H.264/SVC視訊編碼標準介紹 3
2.1　H.264視訊編碼介紹 3
2.2　H.264編碼架構介紹 5
2.2.1　網路提取層 5
2.2.2　視訊編碼層 6
2.2.2.1　畫面間預測(Intra Prediction) 6
2.2.2.2　畫面間預測(Inter Prediction) 9
2.2.2.3　轉換(Transform) 11
2.2.2.4　量化(Quantization) 12
2.2.2.5　去區塊濾波器(Deblocking Filter) 13
2.2.2.6　熵編碼(Entropy Coding) 14
2.3　H.264/SVC可調式視訊編碼介紹 15
2.4　H.264/SVC可調式視訊編碼器架構 17
2.4.1　時間可調性(Temporal Scalability) 18
2.4.2　空間可調性(Spatial Scalability) 19
2.4.2.1　層際間移動預測 (Inter-layer Motion Prediction) 20
2.4.2.2　層際間畫面內預測 (Inter-layer Intra Prediction) 21
2.4.2.3　層際間殘餘值預測 (Inter-layer Residual Prediction) 22
2.4.3　品質可調性(Quality Scalability) 23
第三章　量化失真模型文獻討論與分析 25
3.1　殘餘值(Residual)在頻域上的失真分析 25
3.2　量化失真模型相關文獻討論 26
3.2.1　拉普拉斯(Laplacian)機率分佈之量化失真模型 26
3.2.2　柯西(Cauchy)機率分佈之量化失真模型 27
3.3　考量移動補償預測下之量化失真分析 32
第四章　應用於空間可調性視訊編碼之量化失真模型 34
4.1　H.264單層編碼架構之量化失真模型 35
4.2　層際間移動預測之量化失真模型 36
4.3　層際間畫面內預測之量化失真模型 38
4.4　層際間殘餘值預測之量化失真模型 41
4.5　空間可調性視訊編碼之量化失真模型 44
第五章　實驗結果與討論 45
5.1　層際間移動預測(Inter-Layer Motion Prediction) 45
5.1.1　實驗環境設置 45
5.1.2　層際間移動預測之量化失真模型分析結果 46
5.2　層際間畫面內預測(Inter-Layer Intra Prediction) 51
5.2.1　實驗環境設置 51
5.2.2　層際間畫面內預測之量化失真模型分析結果 52
5.3　層際間殘餘值預測(Inter-Layer Residual Prediction) 57
5.3.1　實驗環境設置 57
5.3.2　層際間殘餘值預測之量化失真模型分析結果 58
第六章　結論與未來展望 64
參考文獻 65

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