臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

杜鵑屬植物為世界著名之觀賞植物，在民間亦作為藥用植物使用。然而，目前對於台灣原生杜鵑屬植物之生物活性探討至今仍缺乏相關性研究。因此本試驗利用DPPH自由基清除能力試驗、超氧自由基清除能力試驗、亞鐵離子螯合能力以及還原力試驗等不同體外抗氧化評估模式，並配合總酚含量測定，評估台灣10種原生杜鵑屬植物葉部抽出物之抗氧化活性及總酚含量差異。試驗結果顯示，10種杜鵑植物中，以玉山杜鵑葉部抽出物之抗氧化活性較佳。續利用液相–液相分配將玉山杜鵑甲醇抽出物劃分為正己烷可溶部、乙酸乙酯可溶部、正丁醇可溶部及水可溶部後，則發現各可溶部中以正丁醇可溶部抗氧化效果最佳。而為進一步獲得正丁醇可溶部中具抗氧化活性潛能之化合物，本研究利用線上HPLC–DPPH試驗對其進行快速篩選，經分離及純化後共獲得(2R,3S)-Catechin（1）、(2R,3R)-Dihydromyricetin 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside（2）、(2S,3S)-Taxifolin 3-O-β-L- arabinopyranoside（3’）、(2R,3R)-Taxifolin 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside（3）、Rutin（4）、Hyperoside（5）以及Quercitrin（6）7種主要具抗氧化潛力之化合物。而這些化合物中，又以化合物2以及3具有較高的含量，二者於每毫克正丁醇可溶部中含量分別為52.0 μg及67.3 μg。此外，DPPH自由基清除能力係以化合物4表現最佳，化合物2則具有最佳之超氧自由基清除能力，而化合物3具有最佳還原力。另一方面，以不同種類杜鵑類菌根接種之玉山杜鵑苗中，係以Rp 7菌根菌所接種之玉山杜鵑菌根苗甲醇抽出物中，含有較高含量之Rutin、Hyperoside及Quercitrin，顯示玉山杜鵑中二次代謝產物之組成及含量會受到杜鵑類菌根之作用而有所不同。

Rhododendron is not only one of the most famous ornamental plants in the world, but also it is a traditionally medicinal plant. However the potential bioactivities of indigenous Rhododendron in Taiwan have not yet been studied completely to date. In this study, a number of in vitro assays, including DPPH radical scavenging assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay, ferrous-ion chelating activity and reducing power assay, were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts from the leaves of 10 indigenous Rhododendron species in Taiwan. In addition, the total phenolic contents were also assessed. Results revealed that, among 10 species, R. pseudochrysanthum exhibited the best antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the methanolic crude extracts of R. pseudochrysanthum leaves were fractionated to n-Hexane, EtOAc, BuOH, and water soluble fractions by liquid–liquid partition. Among them, the BuOH fraction exhibited the best antioxidant activity. Based on bioactivity-guided isolation principle, the BuOH soluble fraction was further monitored by an on-line HPLC-DPPH method for a rapid screening of antioxidant phytochemicals. Seven specific phytochemicals were isolated and identified as (2R,3S)-catechin (1), (2R,3R)-dihydromyricetin 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside (2), (2S,3S)-taxifolin 3-O-β-L- arabinopyranoside (3’), (2R,3R)-taxifolin 3-O-β-L-arabinopyranoside (3), rutin (4), hyperoside (5) and quercitrin (6). Of these, compounds 2 and 3 were found to be major bioactive compounds, and their contents were determined to be 52.0 μg and 67.3 μg per milligramme of BuOH fraction, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 4, 2 and 3 exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity and reducing power, respectively. On the other hand, the extract of R. pseudochrysanthum, which incubated with ericoid mycorrhizal fungi Rp 7, had high contents of compounds 4–6. This result revealed that composition and content of secondary metabolites from R. pseudochrysanthum were significantly influenced by the ericoid mycorrhizal fungi.

目錄
目錄………………………………………………………… i
表目次……………………………………………………… iii
圖目次……………………………………………………… iv
摘要………………………………………………………… 1
Abstract…………………………………………………… 2
第一章 前言……………………………………………… 4
第二章 文獻回顧………………………………………… 6
一、黃酮類化合物之結構與生合成………………………7
二、黃酮類化合物於植物體中之功能與作用……………10
三、杜鵑類菌根之構造……………………………………14
第三章 材料與方法……………………………………… 18
一、試驗材料………………………………………………18
（一）杜鵑葉採集………………………………………18
（二）杜鵑類菌根………………………………………18
（三）試驗藥品………………………………………… 19
二、試驗方法……………………………………………… 19
（一）杜鵑葉抽出物之萃取……………………………… 19
（二）杜鵑抽出物之抗氧化活性試驗…………………… 19
（三）總酚含量測定……………………………………… 21
（四）玉山杜鵑葉部指標成分之分離及鑑定…………… 21
（五）杜鵑類菌根對玉山杜鵑二次代謝產物之探討…… 25
（六）統計分析…………………………………………… 25
第四章 結果與討論……………………………………… 26
一、台灣原生杜鵑屬植物之抗氧化活性及總酚含量
之分析………………………………………………………26
（一）10種杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物清除DPPH自由基能力… 26
（二）10種杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物清除超氧自由基能力…28
（三）10種杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物之亞鐵離子螯合能力… 29
（四）10種杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物之還原力………………30
（五）10種杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物之總酚含量…………… 31
二、玉山杜鵑葉部甲醇抽出物及其各可溶部之抗氧化
活性及總酚含量……………………………………………32
三、玉山杜鵑葉部正丁醇可溶部中抗氧化活性成分
之分離與鑑定………………………………………………37
四、玉山杜鵑葉部正丁醇可溶部中主要成分之抗氧
化活性及含量評估………………………………………… 77
（一）DPPH自由基清除能力……………………………… 77
（二）超氧自由基清除能力……………………………… 78
（三）還原力……………………………………………… 79
（四）化合物之含量……………………………………… 80
五、杜鵑類菌根對於玉山杜鵑二次代謝產物之影響……82
第五章 結論……………………………………………… 85
參考文獻…………………………………………………… 87

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