臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

During the several current decades, Modern buildings are interested in design to resist lateral loads due to wind and earthquake. For both low-rise buildings or high-rise buildings, a large amount capacity of strength and stiffness by shear wall commonly are sufficiently provided into these types of building for resisting lateral forces. In particular of Taiwan practical design, the architecture purposes and service requirement such as the pass-way, lighting, ventilation of low-rise housing in were interested, these modern street housing trend to be made of perforated reinforced concrete walls (PRCW). Although it is implied that the behavior of shear wall in-plane is as well as strongly influenced in resistance later loading. However, the history damages of the front-side and back-side of Taiwanese street house using large opening ways on the first floor, as evidenced by the fact that the several previous earthquakes were enabled to cause most damages and collapse for the first floor. This phenomenon destruction of these such low-rise buildings also happened in many high seismic areas in the world with the same trend design. In addition, because of the widespread application of perforated RC wall for modern buildings, at the beginning of the 1980s, the seismic behavior of these such walls were interested the significant researchers. The previous reports and research results presented that the strength and ductility of PRCW are influenced due to the size and location of openings in the wall.
The presence provisions for evaluating shear strength capacity of the perforated RC wall, as far as we know, only provide approximated methods or analysis model, but do not precisely guide the evaluation methods for calculation. Besides, the experimental investigations on shear walls with openings was published by the number of researches and reports, but the test specimens just focused on the small-scale of PRCW. It is impressed that the more advantage of this study was the test of large-scale specimen, an experimental program of six RC wall specimens with one door and one window were tested under lateral cyclic load, then to develop a simplified provision to estimate the shear strength capacity of the perforated RC wall. From the significant experimental observations and this study test, the segments between openings normally showed the failure modes meanwhile other segments with fewer cracks was not failed. Moreover, these failure segments trended to show independently behavior under the cyclic loading. Based on the first failure of a segment between openings, this study provision is set up due to force-deformation behaviors of all segments between the openings. Actually, the proposed model conservatively predicts the lateral strength of the test specimen, but the proposed provision may estimate the failure mode of segments between openings. The considered segments should be modified based on the main crack observation, to develop a better model in future.
To deeply understand the seismic effects to the structural RC frame, an experimental plan was proposed to investigate the behavior of a large specimen with 2 bays - 2 stories. Under the influence of lateral cyclic loading, the part wall with openings observed relevant seismic behavior as the previous test of 5 small walls. The measured results of the 2nd test shown the abundant deformation that was contributed by the first floor, a very necessary understanding about the behavior of the 1st-floor structure is discussed to indicate that the evaluation of perforated RC wall strength is also important for seismic design.

During the several current decades, Modern buildings are interested in design to resist lateral loads due to wind and earthquake. For both low-rise buildings or high-rise buildings, a large amount capacity of strength and stiffness by shear wall commonly are sufficiently provided into these types of building for resisting lateral forces. In particular of Taiwan practical design, the architecture purposes and service requirement such as the pass-way, lighting, ventilation of low-rise housing in were interested, these modern street housing trend to be made of perforated reinforced concrete walls (PRCW). Although it is implied that the behavior of shear wall in-plane is as well as strongly influenced in resistance later loading. However, the history damages of the front-side and back-side of Taiwanese street house using large opening ways on the first floor, as evidenced by the fact that the several previous earthquakes were enabled to cause most damages and collapse for the first floor. This phenomenon destruction of these such low-rise buildings also happened in many high seismic areas in the world with the same trend design. In addition, because of the widespread application of perforated RC wall for modern buildings, at the beginning of the 1980s, the seismic behavior of these such walls were interested the significant researchers. The previous reports and research results presented that the strength and ductility of PRCW are influenced due to the size and location of openings in the wall.
The presence provisions for evaluating shear strength capacity of the perforated RC wall, as far as we know, only provide approximated methods or analysis model, but do not precisely guide the evaluation methods for calculation. Besides, the experimental investigations on shear walls with openings was published by the number of researches and reports, but the test specimens just focused on the small-scale of PRCW. It is impressed that the more advantage of this study was the test of large-scale specimen, an experimental program of six RC wall specimens with one door and one window were tested under lateral cyclic load, then to develop a simplified provision to estimate the shear strength capacity of the perforated RC wall. From the significant experimental observations and this study test, the segments between openings normally showed the failure modes meanwhile other segments with fewer cracks was not failed. Moreover, these failure segments trended to show independently behavior under the cyclic loading. Based on the first failure of a segment between openings, this study provision is set up due to force-deformation behaviors of all segments between the openings. Actually, the proposed model conservatively predicts the lateral strength of the test specimen, but the proposed provision may estimate the failure mode of segments between openings. The considered segments should be modified based on the main crack observation, to develop a better model in future.
To deeply understand the seismic effects to the structural RC frame, an experimental plan was proposed to investigate the behavior of a large specimen with 2 bays - 2 stories. Under the influence of lateral cyclic loading, the part wall with openings observed relevant seismic behavior as the previous test of 5 small walls. The measured results of the 2nd test shown the abundant deformation that was contributed by the first floor, a very necessary understanding about the behavior of the 1st-floor structure is discussed to indicate that the evaluation of perforated RC wall strength is also important for seismic design.

ABSTRACT
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
LIST OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES ix
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1. Historical background
1.2. Problem definition
1.3. Objective and Scope
1.4. Organization
CHAPTER 2 PREVIOUS RESEARCH AND LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Reinforced concrete wall
2.2.1. Reinforced concrete wall
2.2.2. Failure modes
2.3. Previous researches
CHAPTER 3 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 1
3.1. Specimen design
3.2. Material
3.3. Construction of specimens
3.4. Test setup
3.4.1. Instrumental setup
3.4.2. Test setup and applied loading
3.5. Experimental observation
3.5.1. Wall W1
3.5.2. Wall W2
3.5.3. Wall W3
3.5.4. Wall W4
3.5.5. Wall W5
3.6. Discussion of the test result
CHAPTER 4 EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 2
4.1. Specimen design
4.2. Material properties
4.2.1. Concrete
4.2.2. Reinforcement bars
4.3. Construction of specimen
4.4. Test setup
4.5. Experimental observation
CHAPTER 5 SHEAR STRENGTH EVALUATION
5.1. Shear strength evaluation of segment
5.2. Deformation
5.3. Axial load
5.4. Proposed provision and experimental verification
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION
6.1. Conclusion
6.2. Future work
REFERENCE
APPENDIX A STRAIN GAUGE READING OF THE INDIVIDUAL SPECIMENS
A.1 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of specimen W1
A.2 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of specimen W2
A.3 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of specimen W3
A.1 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of specimen W3
A.5 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of specimen W5
APPENDIX B STRAIN GAUGE READING OF THE LARGE SPECIMEN
B.1 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of boundary column C1
B.2 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of boundary column C2
B.3 Histories of strain gauge in reinforcement bars of boundary column C3
B.4 Histories of strain gauge in horizontal reinforcement bars of wall web
B.5 Histories of strain gauge in vertical reinforcement bars of wall web
APPENDIX C EXPERIMENTAL TO CALCULATED LATERAL STRENGTH
C.1 Proposed model
C.2 Model 1
C.3 Model 2
C.4 Model 3

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