臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的在發展新的編解碼方式，目前量測系統多使用格雷編碼技術進行量測，雖然精準但拍攝較耗費時間，因此，本文利用彩色影像具有三通道的特性，在相同的解析度下運用較多的色彩將編碼影像的數量減少，提升量測效率。然而彩色編碼重建的三維影像精度卻不如格雷碼精準，為了改善彩色編碼的精度，本文提出偏移圖形的概念，將投影條紋偏移一個條紋寬度，計算兩張圖形的色彩強度值曲線交錯的位置，不僅能計算準確的邊界位置，還能降低多通道串擾的影響，並結合邊界繼承方法消除多層影像疊合時相同邊界不一致的誤差。根據實驗結果，證明本文提出的方法可以改善解碼影像，提升彩色編碼重建三維影像的品質，減少投影張數且不會降低精度。

The research aims to develop a method about structured light codec techniques. In the last few years, gray code is commonly used for structured-light 3D scanner measuring which is accurate but time consuming. Therefore, this paper takes advantage of color image with three channels to reduce the number of projected images in the same resolution, improving the scanning efficiency. However, the depth accuracy reconstructed by color code is not as good as gray code. In order to improve the accuracy of color code, this paper propose an idea that offset the pattern a stripe width, then calculate the intersection of two image's intensity value curve, it's not only able to estimate the accurate boundaries but also can reduce the crosstalk effects between different channels. In addition to that, we combine boundary inheritance methods to eliminate the error of the consistency among the same boundaries of different layers in pattern hierarchy. According to the experimental results prove that the proposed method improves the decoding image, enhance the quality of color coded reconstruction, and reduce the number of projected images without reducing accuracy.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1. 研究動機與目的 1
1.2. 文獻回顧 2
1.3. 論文架構 14
第二章 三維重建技術 16
2.1. 三維重建原理 16
2.2. 雷射線掃描 18
2.3. 結構光面掃描 19
2.3.1. 二元碼編碼技術 21
2.3.1.1. De Bruijn編碼技術 23
2.3.2. 三步相位移技術 25
第三章 編碼以及影像處理 28
3.1. 編碼 28
3.1.1. 色彩選擇 28
3.1.2. 影像編碼值 30
3.2. 解碼 31
3.2.1. 色彩分割 32
3.2.2. 邊界繼承 42
第四章 實驗與數據分析 48
4.1. 實驗設備 48
4.1.1. 攝影機與投影機夾角 51
4.2. 實驗流程 52
4.2.1. 機台校正 53
4.2.2. 影像擷取與處理 56
4.3. 結果分析 59
4.3.1. 時間分析 59
4.3.2. 塊規高度量測 61
4.3.3. 環境光影響 67
4.3.4. 編碼比較 68
4.3.5. 問題與討論 70
第五章 結論 73

[1].L. Zhang, B. Curless and S. M. Seitz , "Rapid shape acquisition using color structured light and multi-pass dynamic programming" , IEEE 3D Data Processing Visualization and Transmission (2002): 24-36
[2].Barone, Sandro, Alessandro Paoli, and Armando Viviano Razionale. "A Coded Structured Light System Based on Primary Color Stripe Projection and Monochrome Imaging." Sensors vol.13 (10) (2013): 13802-13819.
[3].Caspi, Dalit, Nahum Kiryati, and Joseph Shamir. "Range imaging with adaptive color structured light." Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on vol.20 (5) (1998): 470-480.
[4].Chen, H. J., et al. "3-D shape measurement by composite pattern projection and hybrid processing." Optics express vol.15 (19) (2007): 12318-12330.
[5].Lee, Sukhan, and Lam Quang Bui. "Accurate estimation of the boundaries of a structured light pattern." JOSA A vol.28 (6) (2011): 954-961.
[6].Bui, Lam Quang, and Sukhan Lee. "Boundary Inheritance Codec for high-accuracy structured light three-dimensional reconstruction with comparative performance evaluation." Applied optics vol.52 (22) (2013): 5355-5370.
[7].Zhang, Zonghua, Catherine E. Towers, and David P. Towers. "Time efficient color fringe projection system for 3D shape and color using optimum 3-frequency selection." Optics express vol.14 (14) (2006): 6444-6455.
[8].D. Lanman and G. Taubin. " Build your own 3d scanner: 3d photograhy for beginners. "In SIGGRAPH courses, pages 1-87. ACM, 2009.
[9].J. Geng , "Structured-light 3d surface imaging: A tutorial" , Adv. Opt. Photon. , vol. 3 , no. 2 , pp.128 -160 , 2011
[10].Timo Kolehmainen." Cross-talk in small pixel image sensors" (2012) Available:
http://www.tikodata.com/uncategorized/cross-talk-in-small-pixel-image-sensors/
[11].Je, Changsoo, Sang Wook Lee, and Rae-Hong Park. "Colour-stripe permutation pattern for rapid structured-light range imaging." Optics Communications vol.285 (9) (2012): 2320-2331.
[12].Fechteler, Philipp, and Peter Eisert. "Adaptive colour classification for structured light systems." Computer Vision, IET vol.3 (2) (2009): 49-59.
[13].Gupta, Mohit, et al. "A practical approach to 3D scanning in the presence of interreflections, subsurface scattering and defocus." International journal of computer vision vol.102 (1-3) (2013): 33-55.
[14].宋展. "High Accuracy Structured Light Sensing System with a Novel Calibration Mechanism." Bulletin of advance technology reaserch vol. 4 (7) (2010)
[15].Rameshwar Ashok Wagh, Dr. M.S.Panse, Hemant Apte. "Calibration Method For Height Measurement Of Object Using Laser Triangulation." International journal of technology enhancements and emerging engineering research, vol 3 (4) (2015):27
[16].Zhang, Zhengyou. "A flexible new technique for camera calibration." Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on vol.22 (11) (2000): 1330-1334.
[17].Moreno, Daniel, and Gabriel Taubin. "Simple, accurate, and robust projector-camera calibration." 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DIMPVT), 2012 Second International Conference on. IEEE, 2012.
[18].Farrant, David I., et al. "Measuring the thickness profiles of wafers to subnanometer resolution using Fabry-Perot interferometry." Applied optics vol.46 (15) (2007): 2863-2869.
[19].G. Bradski, "The OpenCV Library, "Dr. Dobb’s Journal of Software Tools, 2000. [Online]. Available: http://opencv.org/