臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用各種農業廢棄物(杉木、稻草、相思木和玉米穗軸)，分別以不同活化方法(水蒸氣法、ZnCl2法、H3PO4法和KOH法)，比較活性碳之物理性質、化學性質、吸附能力。CobK2和AWP適合應用於製備微孔性活性碳，而FWS5和RHZ則以製備中孔性和微孔性兼具之活性碳為佳。以元素分析發現水蒸氣活性碳之碳含量較高；以程溫脫附(TPD) 和FTIR瞭解活性碳表面官能基。吸附動力學以擬二次式、Elovich 式和顆粒內部擴散模式解析，以Elovich 式對染料之吸附動力學行為適宜性較佳，有機物4-CP和4-Cresol則適於擬二次式解析；等溫平衡吸附以Langmuir和Freundlich等溫平衡式解析。CO2吸附性能經由BET吸附儀於0 oC和25 oC下測量，以KOH活化法之CO2吸附量最高，於0 oC，1 atm下高達7.38 mol/kg。以水蒸氣活化法活性碳之循環伏安儀檢測比電容達42 F/g最佳。

Activated carbons prepared from agricultural waste by different activation methods. The properties such as the porous structure, surface chemistry, and CO2 adsorption capacities of activated carbons were investigated. CobK2 and AWP suitable for preparation of microporous activated carbon, FWS5 and RHZ for preparation of mesoporous and microporous of both in the activated carbon. The chemical compositions of this work activated carbon according to elemental analysis, and carbon elemental values of steam activation method were higher than other activation method. Oxide functional group of carbons according to temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and FT-IR. Three simplified models including the Elovich equation, intraparticle diffusion model and pseudo-second-order equation were used to test the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption kinetics of dyes were best fitted by Elovich equation, 4-CP and 4-Cresol could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order equation. Two simplified models including the Langmuir and Freundlich were selected to follow the adsorption processes. CO2 capture performances were tested at 0℃ and 25℃ by BET sorptometer. CO2 adsorption capacity of KOH-activated carbon up to 7.38 mol kg-1 were achieved at 0℃ under 1 atm. Specific capacitance of FWS5 was 42 F/g by cyclic voltammetric better than the other.

摘要
Abstract
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
符號說明
第一章 前言
1.1研究緣起與目的
1.2 研究內容
第二章　文獻回顧
2.1 活性碳之種類
2.2 活性碳之原料
2.3 活性碳製備技術
2.3.1 物理活化法
2.3.2　化學活化法
2.4 活性碳之物理分析
2.4.1 活性碳之孔隙結構
2.4.2 BET吸附方程式
2.4.3 等溫吸附曲線
2.4.4 遲滯效應（Hysteresis effect）
2.5 活性碳之化學分析
2.5.1 表面官能基
2.5.2 程溫脫附
2.5.3 元素分析(Elemental analysis)
2.5.4 紅外線分光儀(FT-IR)
2.6 吸附之等溫平衡
2.6.1 Langmuir Isotherm吸附模式
2.6.2 Freundlich等溫吸附模式
2.7 吸附之動力學
2.7.1 顆粒內部擴散模式（Intrapariticle diffusion model）
2.7.2 Elovich equation
2.7.3 擬二階吸附動力模式（Pseudo-second-order model；PSO）
2.8 CO2吸附
2.9 電化學電容器
第三章 實驗方法
3.1 實驗儀器與藥品
3.2 活性碳製備
3.2.1 FWS活性碳製備
3.2.2 RHZ活性碳製備
3.2.3 AWP活性碳製備
3.2.4 CobK活性碳製備
3.3 活性碳之物理性質
3.3.1 孔隙結構
3.3.2 掃描式電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope)之觀察
3.4 活性碳之化學性質
3.4.1 元素分析(EA, elemental analysis)
3.4.2 熱重分析（Thermo gravimetric analysis；TGA）
3.4.3 紅外線光譜儀(FT-IR)
3.4.4 程溫脫附儀
3.5 吸附實驗
3.5.1 等溫吸附
3.5.2 動力吸附
3.6 活性碳之應用試驗
3.6.1 CO2吸附測試
2.6.2 比電容測定
第四章結果與討論
4.1 活性碳物理性質
4.1.1 不同活化法之活性碳物理性質
4.1.2 不同活化時間水蒸氣活化法之物理性質
4.1.3 不同化學劑量KOH活化法之物理性質
4.2 活性碳之化學性質
4.2.1 不同活化法之活性碳化學性質
4.2.2 水蒸氣活化法之活性碳化學性質
4.2.3 KOH活化法之活性碳化學性質
4.3 等溫平衡及動力吸附
4.3.1 等溫平衡吸附
4.3.2 吸附動力學
4.4 二氧化碳吸附
4.4.1 二氧化碳吸附特性
4.4.2 等溫平衡吸附
4.5 電化學應用
第五章 結論與建議
5.1 結論
5.2 建議
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