臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在探討台灣鮑魚在循環水養殖系統中，體型及養殖密度對台灣鮑魚排氨率及耗氧率之影響。本試驗於一小型循環水養殖系統中進行，在24~25℃水溫條件下連續三天監測殼長3.5 cm、5 cm及7 cm之台灣鮑魚在不同體型及養殖密度下之耗氧率、排氨率。進而推求不同大小台灣鮑魚之比耗氧率、比排氨率與體型和養殖密度之關係方程式。
試驗結果顯示，台灣鮑魚之比耗氧率及比排氨率有規則性之日變化。試驗期間所有試驗組平均一天水中氨氮濃度變化範圍為1.3~34.8 μg/L，比排氨率日變化率介於136.3~567.1 %之間。一天中水中溶氧濃度之變化範圍為4.35~6.13 mg/L，比耗氧率日變化率介於128.0~363.5 %之間。
殼長3.5、5及7 cm之台灣鮑魚平均比耗氧率分別為284.5±55.4、247.8±14.7及212.0±8.9 mg/Kg/hr。平均比排氨率平均值分別為4.16±0.8、2.7±0.3及2.4±0.3 mg/Kg/hr。
試驗結果分析出台灣鮑魚最高比耗氧率S(H-OUR) (mg/kg/hr)、最低比耗氧率S (L-OUR)、平均比耗氧率S (M-0UR)與密度D ( abalone/m3)及平均體重BW (g)之關係如下列迴歸方程式所示。
S (H-OUR)= 624.9671-0.7503D-10.8926BW+0.0201BW×D
R2 = 0.9177
S (L-OUR) =140.8128+0.0057BW×D
R2 = 0.3504
S (M-OUR)= 415.9542-0.5095D-7.0676BW+0.0189BW×D
R2 = 0.7214
試驗結果分析出台灣鮑魚最高比排氨率S (H-TAN) (mg/kg/hr)、最低比排氨率S (L-TAN)、總平均比排氨率S (M-TAN)與密度D (abalone/m3)及平均體重BW ( g )之關係如下列迴歸方程式所示。
S (H-TAN)=
7.9748-0.000016D2-0.2814BW +0.0028BW2+0.0003BW×D
R2= 0.8217
S (L-TAN4)=1.2507+0.0272D-0.00008D2-0.1822BW+0.0006BW×D
R2= 0.5781
S (M-TAN)=
5.5495-0.00002D2-0.1841BW+0.0004BW×D
R2= 0.7114

The experiment was undertaken to study the effect of body size and stocking density on ammonia excretion rate and oxygen consumption rate for Haliotis diversicolor supertexta. Three size of abalone (mean shell lengths: 3.5、5、7 cm) combined with different stocking density were reared in a small recirculating culture system maintained at 24-25℃. Ammonia excretion rate (MB (NH4)) and oxygen consumption rate (MB(DO)) were measured for three days continuously in order to found the relationship between specific ammonia excretion rate (S(TAN)), specific oxygen consumption rate (S(OUR)), BW (g) and D (abalone/m3).
Abalone showed a diurnal cycle regular pattern in S(TAN) and S(OUR). Ammonia-N concentration was found varied in a range of 1.3~34.8 μg/L. S(TAN) of diurnal change varied in a range of 136.3~567.1 %. The oxygen concentration ranged 4.35~6.13 mg/L and S(OUR) of diurnal change ranged 128.0~363.5 %. Average S(TAN) by shell lengths (3.5、5、7 cm) were 4.16±0.8、2.7±0.3 and 2.4±0.3 mg/kg/hr. Means of S(OUR) were 284.5±55.4、247.8±14.7 and 212.0±8.9 mg/Kg/hr.
The result concluded that the highest S (OUR) (S (H-OUR)) (mg/kg/hr), lowest S (OUR) (S (L-OUR)), means of S (OUR) (S (M-OUR)), density (D) (abalone/m3) and BW (g) is as following :
S (H-OUR)= 624.9671-0.7503D-10.8926BW+0.0201BW×D
R2 = 0.9177
S (L-OUR) =140.8128+0.0057BW×D
R2 = 0.3504
S (M-OUR)= 415.9542-0.5095D-7.0676BW+0.0189BW×D
R2 = 0.7214
On the other hand, the highest S (TAN) (S (H- TAN) ) (mg/kg/hr), the lowest S (TAN) (S (L-TAN)), the means of S (TAN) (S (M- TAN)), density (D) (abalone/m3) and BW (g) is as following :
S (H-TAN)=
7.9748-0.000016D2-0.2814BW +0.0028BW2+0.0003BW×D
R2= 0.8217
S (L-TAN4)=
1.2507+0.0272D-0.00008D2-0.1822BW+0.0006BW×D
R2= 0.5781
S (M-TAN)=
5.5495-0.00002D2-0.1841BW+0.0004BW×D
R2= 0.7114

目錄
頁次
謝辭......................................................i
中文摘要.................................................ii
英文摘要.................................................iv
目錄.....................................................vi
表目錄...................................................ix
圖目錄...................................................xi
一 前言...................................................1
二 文獻回顧...............................................3
2.1台灣鮑魚簡介...........................................3
2.2台灣鮑魚繁殖、成長及習性...............................3
2.2.1 台灣鮑魚之繁殖及成長發育過程........................3
2.2.2 台灣鮑魚之習性......................................4
2.2.3台灣革...............................................4
2.3 影響台灣鮑魚成長因子..................................5
2.3.1 餌料................................................5
2.3.2水溫.................................................6
2.3.3 鹽度................................................6
2.3.4 飼養密度............................................7
2.3.5 溶氧對鮑魚之影響....................................7
2.3.6 氨氮對鮑魚之影響....................................8
2.3.7 疾病................................................9
2.4 循環水系統在鮑魚養殖的應用............................9
2.5 循環水系統............................................9
2.6 循環水養殖鮑魚之優缺點...............................10
三 實驗材料與方法........................................11
3.1 實驗設備.............................................11
3.2 實驗水循環系統.......................................12
3.3 實驗生物.............................................13
3.4 實驗地點.............................................13
3.5 實驗條件.............................................13
3.6 台灣鮑魚耗氧率測定...................................13
3.7 台灣鮑魚排氨氮率測定.................................14
3.8 公式計算.............................................14
四 結果..................................................18
4.1 實驗過程水中溶氧濃度之變化...........................18
4.2 台灣鮑魚比耗氧率日變化...............................18
4.3 養殖密度對台灣鮑魚比耗氧率之影響.....................18
4.4 體型大小對台灣鮑魚比耗氧率之影響.....................19
4.5 密度及平均體重與比耗氧率分析結果.....................19
4.6 各體型平均體重與比耗氧率之分析結果...................20
4.7 實驗過程水中氨氮濃度之變化...........................20
4.8 台灣鮑魚比排氨率日變化...............................20
4.9 體型大小對台灣鮑魚比排氨率之影響.....................21
4.10台灣鮑魚之密度及平均體重與排氨率分析結果.............21
五 討論..................................................42
5.1 以水中氨氮溶度為考量之應用...........................43
5.1.1 在系統設計時.......................................43
5.2 以水中溶氧濃度為考量之應用...........................44
5.2.1 在系統設計時.......................................44
5.2.2 在操作中的系統而言.................................45
六 結論與建議............................................46
七 參考文獻..............................................47
附件.....................................................54

表目錄
頁次
表3.1 殼長3.5 cm及5 cm台灣鮑魚於三種密度(10、20、40 abalone/tank)下之耗氧率與排氨率試驗條件..................16
表3.2 殼長3.5、5及7 cm台灣鮑魚在30 abalone/tank密度下之耗氧及排氨率試驗條件.......................................................16
表4.1 試驗期間各試驗組出流水溶氧濃度之範圍...............22
表4.2 殼長3.5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比耗氧率23
表4.3 殼長5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比耗氧率25
表4.4 密度30 abalone/tank(殼長3.5、5、7 cm)各時段比耗氧率27
表4.5 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下最低比耗氧率之比較....29
表4.6 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下最高比耗氧率之比較....29
表4.7 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下平均比耗氧率之比較....29
表4.8 密度30 abalone/tank在殼長3.5、5、7 cm與最低、最高及平均比耗氧率之比較.........................................30
表4.9 試驗期間各試驗組比耗氧率之日變化率.................31
表4.10 試驗期間各試驗組出流水氨氮濃度....................32
表4.11 殼長3.5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比排氨率.......................................................33
表4.12 殼長5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比排氨率35
表4.13 密度30 abalone/tank(殼長3.5、5、7 cm)各時段比排氨率37
表4.14 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下最低比排氨率之比較....39
表4.15 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下最高比排氨率之比較....39
表4.16 殼長3.5及5 cm與三種不同密度下平均比排氨率之比較....39
表4.17 密度30 abalone/tank在殼長3.5、5、7 cm與最低、最高及平均比耗氧率之比較..........................................40
表4.18 試驗期間各試驗組比耗氧率之日變化率.................41

圖目錄
頁次
圖 3.1 台灣鮑魚循環水示意圖...............................17
圖 4.2 殼長3.5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone /tank)各時段比耗氧率變化....................................................24
圖 4.3 殼長5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比耗氧率變化........................................................26
圖 4.4 密度30 abalone/tank(殼長3.5、5、7 cm)各時段比耗氧率變化........................................................28
圖 4.11 殼長3.5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比排氨率變化........................................................34
圖 4.12 殼長5 cm(密度10、20、40 abalone/tank)各時段比排氨率變化......................................................36
圖4.13 密度30 abalone/tank(殼長3.5、5、7 cm)各時段比排氨率變化........................................................38

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