臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文研究主要利用固態反應法 (solid state reaction)製作BiFeO3 (BFO)複鐵陶瓷，製作流程可分為調配粉末比例、臥式球磨、鍛燒、高能球磨、造粒，壓制成型與燒結。燒結後，品質好的BiFeO3陶瓷在XRD圖中呈現高純度且無明顯次級相的單一晶相。室溫下介電常數約為48 (f =1 MHz)，當溫度升高時，其極大值發生範圍約在650-800 K之間，隨溫度升高時並隨著明顯的色散現象。因為熱效應，溫度超過630 K時介電損耗會大幅的上升。One-dimension barrier model分析下，電導實數的轉折點約在610 K，與尼爾溫度 (TN)相近；模擬出來的介電實數極大值與實驗值範圍相近，此變化可能為反鐵磁相 (antiferromagnetic phase)轉順磁相 (paramagnetic phase)影響。波長373 nm雷射的光伏效應結果相較於波長532 nm的雷射明顯，因為電荷載子 (charge carriers)能獲得足夠的能量來進行躍遷。厚度越薄的陶瓷樣品相對地其光伏效應越大。藉由波長405 nm雷射，樣品經過不同強度的外加電場極化下，其光伏效應也隨極化強度變大而增加。

This study used the solid state reaction to produce BiFeO3 multiferroic ceramics. The processes include mixing powders, ball milling, calcining, high -energy ball milling, granulation, pressing, and sintering. XRD of BiFeO3 ceramics show high purity without obvious second phases. Room -temperature dielectric permittivity is about 48 (for f=1 MHz). The maximum dielectric-permittivities occur between 650-800 K and show obvious frequency-dependent dispersion. Dielectric loss increases rapidly when temperature is above 630 K because of the thermal-active conductivity. In one-dimension barrier model, a turning point of conductivity appears around 610 K, which is close to the Nèel temperature. The maximum of dielectric permittivity from the barrier model is consistent with the experiment data. Probably, the main reason is due to transition from antiferromagnetism to paramagnetism. Comparing with two different diode lasers, the photovoltaic responses of 373 nm laser is better than the green diode laser (=532 nm). The smaller photovoltaic phenomena are mainly due to inefficiently photonic energy for electronic excitation. The thickness of ceramic sample will also affect photovoltaic effect, in which the thinner sample exhibit better photovoltaic effect. With poling by external electric field, the photovoltaic effects under illumination of =405 nm increase with rising of poling intensity.

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 複鐵性材料 2
1.3 鐵酸鉍BiFeO3 4
1.4 光伏效應 (photovoltaic effect) 5
1.5 文獻回顧 6
第二章 實驗理論 13
2.1 布拉格定律 13
2.2 介電性質 14
2.3 磁性原理 16
2.4 電滯曲線 19
2.5 One-dimensional barrier model 21
2.6 光伏原理 23
第三章 實驗儀器與製程 24
3.1 鐵酸鉍樣品製備 24
3.1.1 調配粉末比例 25
3.1.2 臥式球磨 26
3.1.3 烘乾與篩選 27
3.1.4 鍛燒 (calcine) 28
3.1.5 高能球磨 (high-energy ball milling) 29
3.1.6 造粒與成型 30
3.1.7 燒結 (sinter) 30
3.2 變溫介電常數分析 34
3.3 電滯曲線量測 35
3.4 磁性量測 36
3.5 光伏效應量測 37
第四章 實驗結果與討論 38
4.1 樣品表面分析 38
4.2 磁性測量分析 39
4.3 鐵電性質量測與分析 39
4.4 介電常數分析 40
4.5 One-dimensional barrier model 分析 42
4.6 光伏效應實驗結果與分析 45
第五章 結論 51
參考文獻 53

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