臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本研究之目的包括：（一）論述批判民族誌的研究面向與重要概念；（二）分析文化研究中的批判民族誌及其貢獻；（三）解析Willis的《學習成為勞工》一書的內容與方法論意涵；（四）以Willis的《學習成為勞工》為基礎，來說明批判民族誌的應用在比較教育研究之可能性和成果。基於這些目的，本研究主要採用理論分析法與文獻分析法，首先檢視文化研究的發展，以瞭解其歷史背景與發展，其次探討文化研究中的批判民族誌研究成果及其貢獻，並以Willis的《學習成為勞工》為例，仔細分析其運用批判民族誌之過程，期待對比較教育未來採用批判民族誌的研究方向提出建議。
根據文獻分析後，本研究得出以下的啟示：（一）比較教育學者可嘗試採用批判民族誌的研究方法；（二）比較教育研究應兼顧微觀與鉅觀的分析；（三）比較教育研究應擺脫過去追求普遍化律則的迷思；（四）不以片段的知識形式來看待非西方國家；（五）注重社會所隱藏的不均等現象與權力關係；（六）「賦權增能」行動者的能力；（七）關注「他者」的問題；（八）檢視發展中國家再製與抗拒的問題（九）關心學校文化的研究。
本研究之結論為：（一）比較教育研究逐漸重視質的研究；（二）Willis的《學習成為勞工》深受CCCS研究的影響；（三）Willis的《學習成為勞工》為次文化理論的重要作品之一；（四）Willis的《學習成為勞工》為批判民族誌中的經典之作；（五）比較教育學者開始倡導批判民族誌的使用。對比較教育未來研究之建議為：（一）探討文化研究與比較教育教育的關係；（二）實地進行批判民族誌研究；（三）加強對批判方法論的探討。
關鍵字：比較教育、批判民族誌、文化研究

Abstract
This study is focused on the issue of critical ethnography in cultural studies and it’s implication for comparative education,especially perspective from Paul Willis’ Learning to Labour.There are four main purposes for this study.The first one is to explain the main concept and research dimension of critical ethnography. The second purpose is to analyze critical ethnography in cultural studies and it’s contribution.The third purpose of this study is to explore the content and methdology of Learning to Labour.The fourth purpose of this study is to explicate the application of critical ethnography in comprative education research.
This study adopts documentary analysis and theoretical analysis to achieve these purposes.And eight main implications are finded as follows：
1. Comparative educators should attempt to use critical ethnography in their research.
2. Comprative education research should consider both micro- and macro-perspective.
3. Comparative educators have to get rid of the myth of universal laws.
4.Comparative educators should not examine non-western countries from fragmentary knowledge form.
5. We have to find out the inequlity and power relations embedded in society.
6. Researcher should empower the human actor in their research process.
7. We should pay more attention to the topic of ‘Others’.
8. Comparative educators have to examine the issue of reproduction and resistance in developing countries.
9.Research of school culture should be a focus of attention.
Based on the above findings,the following conclusions and suggestions were made：
Conclusions：
1. The trends of comparative education are being more qualitative and non-quantative.
2.Learning to Labour is one of the most influential work of CCCS.
3.Learning to Labour is one of the founding book of subculture theory.
4.Learning to Labour is the classic work of critical ethnography.
5.Comprative educator are going to advocate the uses of critical ethbography.
Suggestions：
1. We need to discuss the relationship between comparative education and cultural studies.
2. Comparative educator can conduct critical ethnography in research field.
3. Emphasis on the discussion of critical methodology is needed.
Keyword：comparative education,critical ethnography,cultural studies

文化研究中的批判民族誌及其對比較教育研究的啟示
－－－以Paul Willis的〈Learning to Labour〉為例
目次
第一章、 緒論…………………………………………….………………………….1
第一節 研究動機與目的……..………………………………….………….…1
第二節 研究方法與步驟…………………………..…………….…………….9
第三節 研究範圍與限制………………………………………………………9
第二章、 文化研究與批判民族誌………………………….…..……………..…...11
第一節 文化研究的興起與發展…………………….…..….………………..11
第二節 文化研究的研究方法………………………………………………..19
第三節 文化研究中的青少年次文化理論…………………………………..40
第四節 批判民族誌對文化研究的重要性…………………………….…….45
第三章、Willis的批判民族誌研究之分析…………………………………………59
第一節 Willis的文化創生論…..……………………………………………..59
第二節 批判民族誌研究取向………………..……………..………………..77
第四章、教育研究與比較教育研究中的批判民族誌……………………………..87
第一節 批判民族誌在教育研究上的地位…………………………………..87
第二節 比較教育中「質的」研究取向……………………………………..94
第三節 比較教育與批判民族誌……………………………………………109
第四節 文化研究中的批判民族誌及其對比較教育研究的啟示…………122
第五章、結論與建議…………………………………………………………....…129
第一節 研究結論……………………………………………………..……..129
第二節 研究建議……………………………...………………………….…137
參考書目……………………………………………………………………………140
圖表目錄
圖一、Willis的文化再製模式………………………………………………………84
表一、比較教育方法論的分期……………………………………………………..101
表二、五○至九○年代比較與國際教育文本知識的轉變………………………..103
表三、比較與國際教育文本中知識觀點的分類…………………………………..104

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