臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年來，因資源過度開採導致建築材料價格日益增加，加上國人逐漸重視資源回收觀念，已重視道路刨除之瀝青混凝土回收料的回收再利用。國內的瀝青拌合廠進行再生材料拌合時，幾乎都是利用氣旋式的加熱方式將回收料加熱，再經過輸送帶運送與新鮮料拌合，使成再生瀝青混凝土。然而，在輸送過程中，只能知道拌合鼓初端送入口的加熱溫度為多少，並不能實際掌握拌合鼓內的實際溫度。因此，回收料有可能受到高溫加熱，導致產生老化甚至碳化現象，進而影響再生瀝青混凝土之品質，然而目前並無相關研究探討過度預熱回收料對再生瀝青混凝土之影響。
本研究採用瀝青拌合廠回收瀝青混凝土作為研究材料，依據回收料不同老化條件主要以微觀差異性及工程性質來探討，第一部分為利用電子顯微鏡（SEM）就回收料不同加熱溫度及時間，分析回收料老化程度及再生瀝青混凝土瀝青薄膜包裹程度，找出其微觀結構之差異性；第二部分為求取其工程性質，如穩定值、間接張力強度和殘餘強度之數值，探討其過度預熱之回收料對再生瀝青混凝土之影響。
研究結果顯示，在微觀結構之差異性方面，回收料受到高溫長時間的老化影響，黏度也隨之增大、甚至無法取得瀝青膠漿，其瀝青薄膜厚度的確隨著老化條件嚴重的趨勢逐漸變薄，瀝青包裹程度亦逐漸不佳；在間接張力和殘餘強度試驗方面，過度預熱之回收料添加比例越高、老化條件越嚴重，則試體的能量損失率越高，相對的殘餘強度值也偏低，雖然在回彈模數試驗方面有高勁度的表現，這有可能只是短暫性的，但高勁度的表現容易產生疲勞裂縫。綜合分析，顯示過度預熱之回收料的確會造成再生瀝青混凝土的品質不佳，尤其抵抗水侵害的能力明顯降低許多。因此，建議再生瀝青混凝土避免採用過度預熱之回收料或者加熱太久之回收料，進而影響其工程性質。

In recent years, the reuse of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has become a critical issue with the rising of price of materials and concept of recycling. RAP was heated by pugmill with cyclone type and then mixed with virgin aggregate. In this process, the temperature of the pugmill is usually unknown causing that RAP may be over-preheated and further has bad effect on the pavement performance.
This study was conducted to ascertain the mechanical and microcosmic properties of asphalt mixtures with over-preheated RAP. This study includes two tasks: First, investigates the microcosmic properties of over-preheated RAP in terms of scanning electron microscope (SEM). Second, analyze how over-preheated RAP affects pavement performance.
The results showed that asphalt viscosity extracted by asphalt mixture increased and thin film coating aggregates decreased with increasing heating time and temperature. The data also indicated that energy loss rate (ELR) became higher when asphalt mixtures contain higher percentage of over-preheated RAP. Besides, asphalt mixtures with higher percentage of over-preheated RAP may stiffer than ones without over-preheated RAP, but the former may produces fatigue cracking easily.

摘要I
目錄III
縮寫目錄VIII
表目錄IX
圖目錄X

第一章緒論1-1
1.1前言1-1
1.2研究動機1-4
1.3研究目的1-5
1.4研究範圍1-6

第二章文獻回顧2-1
2.1瀝青材料2-1
2.1.1瀝青特性2-1
2.1.2瀝青成分結構2-2
2.2 瀝青的老化與再生2-4
2.2.1瀝青老化過程2-6
2.2.2瀝青短期老化2-7
2.2.3瀝青長期老化2-7
2.3瀝青老化因子2-8
2.4老化現象與水侵害之關係2-11
2.5瀝青混凝土回收料2-11
2.5.1回收料的黏結料性質2-12
2.5.2回收料的粒料性質2-13
2.5.3回收料的變異性2-14
2.5.4黑石頭的行為2-15
2.6熱拌再生瀝青混凝土與傳統瀝青混凝土2-16
2.7再生瀝青混凝土配合設計2-17
2.7.1再生瀝青混凝土拌合過程2-17
2.7.2回收料添加比例2-19
2.7.3回收料加熱溫度2-20
2.7.4新鮮粒料加熱溫度2-20
2.7.5粒料與瀝青拌合時間2-21
2.8工程性質2-21
2.8.1回彈模數2-21
2.8.2間接張力2-22
2.8.3耐久性2-22
2.8.4水侵害產生之機制2-23
2.9溫度差異離析2-24

第三章研究計畫3-1
3.1研究方法3-1
3.2試驗方法與設備3-4
3.2.1瀝青物性試驗3-4
3.2.1.1針入度試驗3-4
3.2.1.2黏滯度試驗3-4
3.2.1.3比重試驗3-4
3.2.2粒料基本物性試驗3-5
3.2.2.1 比重及吸水率試驗3-5
3.2.2.2 洛杉磯磨損試驗3-5
3.2.3 瀝青配合設計－馬歇爾法3-6
3.2.4 回收瀝青萃取試驗3-7
3.3試驗材料3-8
3.3.1瀝青膠泥3-8
3.3.2粒料與級配3-8
3.4混合料微觀結構試驗3-9
3.4.1掃瞄式電子顯微鏡3-9
3.4.2微區能量元素分析3-12
3.5瀝青混凝土工程性質3-12
3.5.1間接張力試驗3-12
3.5.2殘餘強度試驗3-14
3.5.2.1浸水剝脫試驗3-14
3.5.2.2吸收能3-14
3.5.2.3能量損失3-15
3.5.3回彈模數試驗3-15

第四章試驗結果與討論4-1
4.1基本物性試驗4-1
4.1.1瀝青物性試驗4-1
4.1.2粒料物性試驗4-2
4.1.3回收料試驗4-2
4.1.4回收料老化後試驗4-4
4.1.5再生瀝青混凝土配合設計4-6
4.2微區能量元素分析4-6
4.2.1天然粒料之元素分析4-7
4.2.2RAP回收料之元素分析4-8
4.2.3回收料之電子顯微鏡分析4-13
4.2.4再生瀝青混凝土之電子顯微鏡分析4-21
4.2.5再生瀝青混凝土浸水後之電子顯微鏡分析4-38
4.3工程性質試驗4-55
4.3.1間接張力強度分析4-55
4.3.2殘餘強度試驗分析4-59
4.3.3吸收能及能量損失試驗分析4-62
4.3.4穩定值試驗分析4-65
4.3.5彈性回復試驗分析4-69

第五章結論與建議5-1
5.1結論5-1
5.2建議5-3

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